Chocolate Confectionery Industry Essay

This report will help you to uncover opportunities and understand the key issues affecting your market. How? By giving you instant access to analysis and critical recommendations. It will also challenge routine thinking by providing fresh, new perspectives that energizes your thought processes. Table of Content Introduction Definition Abbreviations Executive Summary The market Figure 1: Value sales and forecast in the UK chocolate market, by segment, 2008-13 Forecast Figure 2: Value sales and forecast in the UK chocolate market, 2008-18 Market factors Improving real spending should facilitate trading up Industry responds to health considerations Demographic changes pose challenges to chocolate Companies, brands and innovation Cadbury Dairy Milk extends its lead Figure 3: Leading brands’ sales and shares in the UK chocolate confectionery market, by value and volume, 2012/13 and 2013/14 Adspend falls in 2013 NPD looks to playfulness The consumer The consumer – Usage Figure 4: Frequency of eating chocolate, December 2013 The consumer – Reasons for eating chocolate confectionery Figure 5: Reasons for buying chocolate confectionery, December 2013 The consumer – Attitudes towards chocolate confectionery Figure 6: Attitudes towards chocolate confectionery, December 2013 The consumer – Factors influencing choice of chocolate as a gift Figure 7: Factors influencing choice when buying chocolate as a gift, December 2013 What we think Issues and Insights Faced with health concerns, chocolate can look to small formats and play off its image as a source of energy The facts The implications Innovation in tablets has hit chocolate assortments The facts The implications Hot drinks occasion and baking offer growth potential The facts The implications Browse Full Report With TOC: http://www.marketresearchreports.biz/analysis/196225 Trend Application Trend: Extend My Brand Trend: Make it Mine Mintel Futures Trend: Brand Intervention Market Drivers Key points Expected growth in consumer spending could fuel trading up Figure 8: Consumer expenditure, at current and constant 2013 prices, 2008-18 Government’s Responsibility Deal invites industry to cut calories Removing confectionery from checkouts recommended to curb impulse purchase Chocolate manufacturers plan for sustainable future supply Demographic changes pose opportunities and threats Under-35s are core users of chocolate Figure 9: Trends in the age structure of the UK population, 2008-13 and 2013-18 Rise in older cohorts will potentially dampen growth The E demographic is expected to see rapid growth Strengths and Weaknesses Strengths Weaknesses Who’s Innovating? Key points Tablets surpass seasonal launches in category share Figure 10: Share of new product launches within the UK chocolate confectionery market, by product category, 2010-13 Brands come out to play Plain flavour loses share in new launches Figure 11: Share of new product launches within the UK chocolate confectionery market, by flavour (incl. blend), 2010-13 For More Latest Reports Under the Same Category: http://www.marketresearchreports.biz/category/135 Market Size, Segmentation and Forecast Key points Market size and forecast Figure 14: UK value and volume retail sales of chocolate, 2008-18 Figure 15: Value sales and forecast in the UK chocolate confectionery market, 2008-18 Chocolate market sees sustained value growth through recession Market Share Key points Own-brand loses share despite pressures on budgets Figure 20: Leading brands’ sales and shares in the UK chocolate confectionery market, by value and volume, 2012/13 and 2013/14 Mondelēz powers up its CDM portfolio with stunning results Mars’ portfolio sees mixed results as Galaxy takes a knock but Maltesers powers ahea About Us Marketresearchreports.biz is the most comprehensive collection of market research reports. Marketresearchreports.biz services are especially designed to save time and money of our clients. We are a one stop solution for all your research needs, our main offerings are syndicated research reports, custom research, subscription access and consulting services. We serve all sizes and types of companies spanning across various industries. Contact M/s Sheela 90 Sate Street, Suite 700 Albany, NY 12207 Tel: +1-518-618-1030 USA – Canada Toll Free: +1-866-997-4948 Email: sales@marketresearchreports.biz Site: http://www.marketresearchreports.biz/

Depiction of Women

Depiction of Women By: Charles Cotton In past generations, women have not been given the respect that they deserve. Sophocles once said, â€Å"Silence gives the proper grace to women. † Men were always perceived as the dominant sex; women were just asked to perform in the kitchen, and please their spouse after a long day of work. According to feminist criticism, the roots of prejudice against women have long been embedded in Western culture. The female feminist Virginia Woolf wrote â€Å"A Room of One’s Own,† in which she declares that men have treated women as inferiors. She states that society believes that women are intellectually inferior to men.In layman’s terms, the man has control of the house and income, while the woman just sits home. Books from the early period of British literature such as Judith, Wife of Bath, and Grendel’s mom convey the same message. All of them had one objective in common: all protagonists were females who were denied certain rights. The ancient Greeks abetted gender discrimination, declaring the male to be the superior and the female the inferior. In the Bible, Adam and Eve were both tempted by a serpent, represented as the devil. Eve was the one who disobeyed God and ate from the Tree of Good and Evil.She was beautiful, but she made the mistake of falling for deception. Throughout the Christian Period, this story provides men with the reason why they should restrict the social, sexual, religious, political, and economic freedom of women (Eve and the Identity of Women, 1). This ancient story holds them accountable for the decisions that they make in mankind. This passage describes the image of women in Western Civilization; independence and freedom of speech. However, after a hard fight for equal rights, women are now allowed to be employed anywhere, with some companies still limiting their abilities.Women in today’s society are choosing the Garden of Eden’s apple every day; free will. Based off of the Fifth Edition of Literary Criticism, prejudice against women began in the Western culture. In ancient Greece, they abetted gender discrimination; demanding that the male is the superior and the female is beneath them (Literary Criticism, pg. 147). Charles Darwin wrote â€Å"The Descent of Man (1871), announcing that women are a â€Å"characteristic of a past and lower state of civilization† (pg. 147). As the man, one was responsible for upporting the family financially, while the wife stayed at home cleaning the house, preparing dinner, and taking care of the children. Genesis, the very first book of Scripture, tells us that God created both man and woman in his image. From the very beginning, women were seen and treated as inferior beings and seen as . The scripture read as this: â€Å"God created man first in this world out of his image†(Genesis). His creation of man signified their dominance, and their role of â€Å"authority. † In tho se days, females had a bad reputation for being very persuasive when they wanted something from men.For example, Delilah was the fatal attraction for Samson, who cut his hair to please her. His hair was his source of power; without it, he would be defenseless. He was defeated by the Philippines, and his confidence was diminished. Women have been the downfall of men, especially if he has valuable possessions. Century after century, male voices continue to determine the social role and cultural status of women. Feminist critic Simone de Beauvoir’s text asserts that the Western society is patriarchal, which means controlled by males. She says that women must ask them self: â€Å"What is a woman? (Feminism, pg. 149) This is basically stating that women are defined by his social class. The first major feminist critic that challenged the males was author Christine de Pizan. (1365-c1434) She wrote L’E[istre au Dieu d’ amours, critiquing the judgment of Charles Darwin, who stated in his novel â€Å"The Descent of Man† , stating that God created both man and woman as equal beings. They wanted to be heard and acknowledged as scholars, artist, and writers. They want to be respected as a person, and not just an object. I found an article called â€Å"Helium†, which was found on the CNN website.It explained that women of this generation are perceived to be educated, successful career, and have the ability to bare children. They are also expected to put food on the table for their husband and children, while enduring the added pressure of looking a certain way. All of these aspects are the perfect formula for a â€Å"successful† woman; and sometimes hinder males from appreciating their intellectual minds. Because of their gender, women have to work twice as hard to establish themself in society, but still are at risk to be perceived differently.For example, when a woman has a high class position in a company, people often have the notion that she used her sexual position to climb to power. With their clothing they walk around in, they are often judged by their figure than their ability to fulfill their job requirements. The story Judith would be a great example of how females use their body parts to gain respect. By building up her description as a maiden, the poet uses Judith’s virginity to construct her innocence, making her appear vulnerable. Because of this trait, Holofernes thought it would be easy to grasp her attention and take ownership of her life.She was also described as maego, meaning â€Å"woman†, â€Å"virgin†, â€Å"girl†, â€Å"woman†, and â€Å"wife. †( Judith, Lines 35,43, 73,78) She is never stated by her name, and that was the lack of respect that was there for women at that time. Issued on September 9, 2011 by a lady named Margaret Holt, the Chicago Tribune issued an article called â€Å"How Should Society(and media) Depict Women†, there we re a group of females that were discussing a video that displayed the lack of respect for women that was issued on September 9, 2011 by a lady named Margaret Holt.Holt attended the YMCA of Metropolitian, where the screening was sold out for the first night at Fifth Third Bank. This documentary, called â€Å"Miss Representation†, warranted responses that were not only shocking, but ellicited a fresh call to action about the events that occurred. The video was about a woman who went through so much disrespect and turmoil. She was beaten multiple times for standing up for her rights, but she kept her composure, and fought until the end.Taylor Demming, one of the females in the audience, stated, â€Å"I didn't know there was no respect for women,† she said afterward(Chicago Tribune, Depicting Women in Society, pg. 2). At the same time, there were scouts at DuPage County High Schools that were also disturbed by the content of the film. Student Jessica Porter said the movie made her â€Å"think about the reality shows that she liked†(Depicting Women in Society, pg. 2). This reading reminded me of the life of Susan B. Anthony, and her fight for womens’ right to vote.There were multiple messages that were interpreted from the documentary, allowing women in this generation to appreciate their freedom. Certain commercials are derogatory towards women, and perceive them as sexual pleasantries, as portrayed in Judith. Her hyper-feminity provides her with the power of seduction, in a significant female role. She is perceived as passive throughout the story, until she beheaded Holofernes. argues that Judith’s gender transformation in the poem is â€Å"not from passive to aggressive nor from â€Å"feminine† to †masculine,† but rather from â€Å"possessed† to â€Å"possessor† (257).Jean Kilbourne wrote an article titled â€Å"Portrayal of Women in Society, Killing Us Softly†, which discusses how women are portrayed as just items (Jean Kilbourne, Introduction to Media Studies, pg. 1). It continues to depict how the media portrays women and how they influence these advertisements negatively. For example, in his article, he chooses to show an advertisement where a Trojan condom was placed on the left side of a female’s bra. The condom represents sexual content, and the image was mostly focused on her breast. Her chest was depicted as a tool to influence men to purchase this particular product.Her breasts are enlarged in the picture as well; intriguing most men that sex sells in our society. African-American women are also promoted as sex symbols in music videos. According to the article titled â€Å"Beyond the Betrayal of Women in Video Games†, 38% of female characters found in video games are wearing revealing clothing, 23% are showing cleavage (Children Now, suite101. com/article/media-portrayal of women pg. 1). They wear bikinis and short shorts to draw attention f rom the audience. This particular style of clothing started in the late 90s, when Mystical came out with the song called â€Å"Danger. As the video progresses, there were scenes that revealed women completely naked. Producers realized that nudity would attract viewers, and raise record sales. The message was clear; Women are only valued by their body parts, and nothing else. The Wife of Bath was a story that spoke on sexual deviances of the female race. The story began with the sexual assault of a woman, and the rest of it imagines a world in which women are sovereign, and they have judgments, administer justice, and power over men I saw quotes that displayed this action such as: â€Å"Women may go saufly up and doun.In every bussh or under every tree Ther is noon oother incubus but he, And he ne wol doon hem but dishonor† (Lines 884 – 887). An incubus was a â€Å"demon child† thought to be begotten by the woman. The Wife’s claim is that women may go wit hout fear of being forced to birth a demon child. This is the life that women want, having the authority and ability to make their own decisions. We can tell that she thinks highly of herself; illustrated in her ornate clothing: â€Å"Her coverchiefts ful fine were of ground; I dorste were they weyeden ten pound†(Chaucer).She wanted to be the first woman at church to make a donation. Women did not usually have alot of funds, so she used her husbands for money. Females are always worried about their appearance: using make-up and other products to appear younger. Men see age marks as ugliness, and in order for women to appear more attractive in their eyes, they feel they must hide these facial marks. In Beowulf, Grendel’s mother was described as gross-looking and hideous, but she wanted to get revenge for her son, just like any other mother. Maintaining and preserving peace was not only their job, it was their identity.When Grendel’s mother was killed, she had fai led in her social role as peace-keeper. No one expected her to be beautiful because women were not appreciated in that aspect. When men get older, they are viewed as more attractive, where as if a woman does, her beauty fades off, and she is forced to intrigue a guy with her intelligence. Commercials from companies like Cover Girl, where they are promoting beauty products with famous people such as Gabrielle Union, Queen Latifah, and Halle Berry, encourage women others that they can be beautiful, no matter how old they are.There are movies that display men’s dominance over women such as Disney’s â€Å"Aladdin, Beauty of the Beast, and Beowulf. They show unrealistic, curvaceous, and vulnerable women who depend on male figures for strength and survival, not their own empowerment. In Aladdin, Princess Jasmine is upset and desperate to find a prince to make her feel loved and protected. Along comes Prince Aladdin that captures her attention, saving her from the clutches o f Jafar, the Sultan’s chief advisor. The movie has this â€Å"male-saving-the-day† theme to show that a woman is nothing without a man by her side.In Beauty and the Beast, it is portrayed that a woman cannot feel safe and protected unless they have someone with the character traits of the Beast: aggressive, violent, and intimidating. On April 3, 2009, an article was written in Kellevision called â€Å"Beauty and the Beast in Television†, stated that women who want this type of relationship usually had abusive fathers growing up, and want to feel protected from their father. In the story Beowulf, he saves his town by defeating Grendel’s mother, and becomes king.Cartoons have even displayed how women are disrespected and placed in smaller roles. I draw my attention to the â€Å"Flintstones†, where Fred is the bigger man who does all of the hunting while Wilma stays home and does all of the household chores. In â€Å"George of the Jungle†, it w as always George saving the distressed Jane, and Jane never does these things herself. Mrs. Jane Jetson is the perfect example of a stereotypical cartoon woman. Her waist is small, she is constantly wearing short skirts, and she has a love for shopping.In that cartoon, Mr. Jetson is the one going to work, while she spends his hard-earned money. In Chaucer’s â€Å"Wife of Bath†, the woman had multiple husbands, and she used them all for money. When a woman does play a dominant role in a movie, it usually comes with a sacrifice. â€Å"The Proposal†, starred by Sandra Bullock, plays a cold-hearted, detached career woman with sociopathic tendencies. This sends the message that a powerful woman sacrifices a healthy relationship, family, and her sanity to be successful.In the story Judith, she had to kill Holofernes to save her town, requiring her to step out of feminism to do that. Her sanity was diminished, but she completed the task of saving her people. For young girls that dream to have a great career and a loving family, this is not the message that they need to hear. Why is it that men can get a position of power because of their gender without sacrifices, but women have to do so much to receive respect? In today’s society, women are not given the proper respect that they deserve.They are constantly perceived as weak, and always judged by their appearance, not their mind. Wife of Bath is only judged by her beauty, and when it comes to something that requires dominance, the man is always required to handle the situation. People have to realize that women should not be mistreated before you actually take time to learn about them. Even though men are still perceived as the dominant sex, women are starting to gain respect in our society. With time and consideration, I believe that females will receive the respect that they deserve in America.Works Cited Page Bal, M 1995. â€Å"Head-Hunting: Judith on the Cutting Edge of Knowledge in B renner. † 1995: 253-285. Witcombe, Christopher. Eve and Woman. â€Å"Eve and the Identity of Women. † Copyright 2000. Bloom, Harold, ed. Geoffrey Chaucer. New York: Chelsea, 1985. Print. Wilkinson, Michelle. â€Å"Helium: â€Å"Portrayal of Women in Society. † 2009. www. helium. com/items/1339068-portrayal-of-women-in-society Bressler, Charles E. â€Å"Literary Criticism† An Introduction to Theory and Practice. Fifth Edition, 2010. Published by Prentice Hall. Pgs. 1-335. Young, Adena. Negative Portrayal of Women† The Depiction of Women in Today’s Society. 21st century. http://library. thinkquest. org/21298/Mind&Body/Portrayl. html Kilbourne, Jean. â€Å"Introduction to Media Studies†, Portrayal of Women in Society. Hanson, Public Relations Chapter 12. Published 2010. Greenblatt, Stephan. â€Å"Norton Anthology of English Literature. † Wife of Bath. 2009. Blake, Johnathon. â€Å"Struggle for Female Equality in â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Prologue. Luminarium: Anthology of English Literature. N. p. , n. d. Web 7 http://www. luminarium. org/medlit/jblake. htm.

An Analysis of Ambition in Macbeth by William Shakespeare

An Analysis of Ambition in Macbeth by William Shakespeare In Macbeth, a play set in Scotland, William Shakespeare wrote a tragedy of a man s ambition. In the play, Macbeth is described as a man who has ambitions of becoming king. After the first part of the prophecy by the witches whom he has met returning from battle comes true, he begins to think the second part may also come true, supernatural soliciting cannot be ill, cannot be good. The witches have predicted that Macbeth would first become Thane of Cawdor and then king of Scotland. Encouraged by his wife, Lady Macbeth, he murders King Duncan who stays as a guest in his castle. Macbeth then becomes king of Scotland. According to his critical essay on Macbeth, Shakespeare and the Hazards of Ambition, Robert N. Watson comments that ambition becomes the enemy of all life, especially that of the ambitious man himself, in this play. In Macbeth, Shakespeare interprets a man s lifelong ambition that seems to be fulfilled, but causes consequences that his mind cannot handle. Macbeth s desire to gain wealth and status completely overpowers him. Macbeth becomes more ambitious as his wife and the witches make him question himself and his desires. Lady Macbeth is the biggest encouragement to his ambition, since she uses her husband s trust to change her own future. In Act I, Scene iii, the witches and their prophecies influence Macbeth s ambition as he begins to consider murdering Duncan, If good, why do I yield to that suggestion/ whose horrid image doth unfix my hair/ and make my seated heart knock at my ribs,/ against the use of nature? Macbeth strongly believes witches words. Also, the apparitions who are called by the witches influence Macbeth by making him believe that he is invincible in Act IV, Scene I, rebellion s head, rise never, till the wood/ of Birnam rise, and our high- placed Macbeth/ shall live the lease of nature, pay his breath/ to time, and mortal custom. In Act I, Scene v, Lady Macbeth also influences Macbeth s ambition, Hie thee hither,/ that I may pour my spirits in thine ear,/ and chastise with the valour of my tongue/ all that impedes thee from the golden round,/ which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem/ to have thee crown d withal. She tries to influence him to kill Duncan. She says, Art not without ambition, but without the illness should attend it, meaning that Macbeth is not without ambition, but lack of ruthlessness that is needed. When Macbeth decides not to continue with their plan to murder Duncan, his wife urges him to act on his desires or he will think of himself as a coward. She says, Art thou afeard/ To be the same in thine own act and valour/ As thou art in desire? (Act I, Scene iv) She then makes sure he will perform the deed by taking an active role in preparing for the murder: his two chamberlains/ Will I with wine and wassel so convince, ( Act I, Scene vii) and cleaning up afterwards give me the daggers: the sleeping, and the dead/ Are but as pictures; tis the eye of childhood/ That fears a painted devil. If he do bleed,/ I ll gild the faces of the grooms withal, / For it must seem their guilt. (Act II, Scene ii) As Macbeth worries about failing to carry out the plan, Lady Macbeth tells him to screw up his courage and they wouldn t fail. Although Macbeth becomes king of Scotland after killing King Duncan, he cannot have peace. Duncan s sons escape to England and try to avenge their father. Also, the witches predict that his friend Banquo s descendants will be kings of Scotland. Macbeth orders his men to kill Banquo and his son. During the course of the play, Macbeth changes from a person with some moral sense to a man who will stop at nothing to get and keep what he wants. By the play s end, he has lost all emotion. He cannot even react to his wife s death saying that life is only a tale/ told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,/ signifying nothing. In Macbeth, ambition is the fatal flaw that causes his downfall. The play shows that one may get easily influenced by other people when he/ she is over- ambitions. After becoming king, his endless ambitions lead him into misery and tragic ending. Being obsessed by the witches prophecy, he even tries to control his future, He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valour/ to act in safety. There is none but he/ Whose being I do fear; and under him/ My genius is rebuked, as it is said/ Mark Antony s was by Caesar. Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown,/ And put a barren scepter in my gripe,/ Thence to be wrench d with an unlineal hand,/ No son of mine succeeding (Act III, Scene I). Macbeth considers Banquo and his son Fleance as threats to his security as King. Although outwardly friendly to Banquo, Macbeth is jealous and fearful of him. Throughout the play, it is Macbeth s ambition that destroys his good nature and forces him to break all moral boundaries. Until he meets the three witches, he is loyal to his king, to his wife, and to his friends. If he had not desired to become king, the three withes prophecy would not have changed his life. All of the problems start to develop when he decides to murder Duncan. He commits the murder because he is too ambitious. If he weren t so ambitious and determined to become king, he would not have to kill Duncan. After all, the witches prophecy influences his fate by turning his ambition into a tragic reality. Although he is initially led to evil by the witches prophecy, he does not hesitate to commit crime. After killing Duncan, he kills Banquo and Macduff s family. Macduff flees to England and then gathers an army to overthrow Macbeth. Lady Macbeth becomes a sleepwalker and finally dies in pain. At the end of the play, Macduff kills Macbeth in battle. Duncan s son, Malcom then becomes the king of Scotland. If Macbeth patiently waited for his time, he would have become king peacefully and have had a chance to enjoy it. The play, Macbeth, shares themes with other stories, with historic and current events, and with individual, personal experiences with which one can identify. Ambition which is one of Macbeths themes can be traced to the issue of corruption in national politics, in sports, and in a terrorist government. The Watergate scandal, the 1988 and 1994 Olympic Games, and Haiti s historic civil unrest are examples of abused power, scandal, and violence in which the players are motivated by ambition.

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Report - Essay Example The resultant signal is channelled into the powered amplifier. The role of the power amplifier is to drive the loudspeaker. The circuit is designed such that the mixer contains a gain that can be varied, depending on the desirability of the required volumes. In addition, there should be the allowance for the volume of one channel to be controlled separately from another. This enhances the quality of sound as this enables one to have balance between the two channels. In this regard, the presented diagram consists of a set of two inputs; the speech and music. In this case, the speech voltage controls the music voltage. The operation of the circuit project only requires that the two signals are combined while the current should be adjusted to be adequate to make the speakers work effectively. It is expectable that in the cases where speech signal is lacking, the music voltage from the difference amplifier is about 1V. In the cases where the speech signal is peak, the voltage is expected to be at the minimum level, at around 0.17V. In this regard, mixing the speech and music amplifier creates the allowance to have the music volume by varying the voltage of the speech signal. Even so, the mixer’s output does not have the power capacity of driving the speakers. In this regard, it is expectable that when the amplitude of the mixer’s input is raised by a gain of well over 10 units, as well as utilizing the class B type of amplifier so that adequate current can be generated, the circuit would work successfully. The amplifier is connected to the speakers. About Power amplifiers Conventionally, most power amplifiers make use of the output stage, in the cases where a single transistor handles a half of the waveform signals and this is regardless of whether the half is negative or positive. This operation is often labelled as the push-pull. Its efficiency is unquestionable, considering that only minimal current flows when music signal is lacking. Furthermore, this comes with the implication that the compact power supply may be the only most essential component; hence it cost-effectiveness to the manufacturer. For the user, the resultant amplifier is relatively small in size, efficient and cheap. The power amplifier functions to deliver power, a product of load current and voltage. Power= IV I ~ Current V ~ Voltage In the basic sense, a power amplifier shares a lot of commonalities with the voltage amplifier. The only difference between the two is that in the power amplifier, the resistance of the load that is connected to the output is relatively low, for instance, a loudspeaker consisting of 7 ohms that triggers the flow of high current through the transistor’s collector. In consideration to the high currents that flow through the loads, it is imperative that the output transistors that are applied in the amplification of power should have high resistance. There are two categories of amplifiers that could be used; A-type and B-ty pe amplifiers. The A-type amplifiers are those in which the output current assumes the inputs’ full cycle, creating the allowance of the transistors to be forward-biased through the input cycles, without switching off. The following is an extract of the diagram for the A-type amplifier. Figure 1: A-type Amplifier On the other hand, the B-type amplifier is that which is designed to improve the energy of efficiency of the A-type amplifier, ensuring for the reduction of the amount of heat loss? Besides, its signal assumes a half

Research paper about social learning theories Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

About social learning theories - Research Paper Example Moreover, scholars advocate for the enactment of fair laws that enhance criminal justice because socialization directly affects development of self. The learning theory examines the stages and processes that lead to acquisition of knowledge, development of self, and the influence of peers to socialization. According to Ryberg (300), the social learning theory recommends different approaches to curbing the rise in cases of crime in the society. For instance, the theory recommends the use of preventive and intervention policies in controlling crime. As discussed in the piece, the theory seeks to devise alternatives for the implementation of policies that are instrumental when curbing crime. Consequently, it is necessary to highlight the implications of fundamental policies that address crime in the society. Albert Bandura, Robert L. Burgess and Ronald L. Akers are scientists who rooted for the development of the learning theory and its application when addressing crime in the society. In his works, Bandura argued that crime resulted from individual’s conformation to their environment. It is a choice that people make when options for survival are limited (Tibbetts 148). According to Bandura, people develop their identity through interactions with external stimuli. Thereafter, conscious development takes place in individuals. The development is in response to the expectations from the society. People choose to behave in a particular way to conform to the expectations of the society (Tibbetts 29). Behaviors results from response instigated by the social stimuli. As a result, behavior affects attitudes of individuals. Bandura adds that formation of identity begins in childhood before proceeding to the later stages of development in life. For example, a child might develop poor sexua l tendencies based on his understanding of societal development. He becomes conscious of the ideals propagated within the society. According

The Reform of the House of Lords Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Reform of the House of Lords - Term Paper Example While the primacy of the Commons was originally derived from its electoral mandate, its continuing relevance is furthered by its functions and roles. The Government cannot govern without the support of the Commons because it has final say on legislation. As the Royal Commission chaired by Lord Wakeham emphasized, "The House of Commons, as the principal political forum, should have the final say in respect of all major public policy issues" and "it would be wrong to restore the fully bicameral nature of the pre-1911 Parliament."3 The primary role played by the Commons rests on several factors. First, its mandate as the direct representatives of the people means that it has greater democratic legitimacy than the Lords. The Commons' power to grant or withhold supply (public expenditure) is the source of its ability to uphold or dismiss the Government. Without the Commons' consent, the Government cannot function because the Commons approves the expenditure. It is thus undesirable for the reformed Lords to undermine this primacy. Changes in the Lords composition might lead to this undesirable outcome.4 The Lords cannot have the same power of public expenditure because there must only be a single route through which the Government secures its authority to govern. The Lords should have less power over the Government although it can ask the Government to reconsider a proposal without questioning the Government's authority. The primacy of the Commons is enshrined in the Parliament Acts, which limit the power of the Lords to veto legislative proposals, contain specific provisions relating to Bills on national taxation, public money or loans or their management. In a dispute between the two chambers on primary legislation, the Commons is supreme.The Lords should neither be a rival nor a mirror of the Commons. The Lords should not also be a rubber stamp of the Government's proposals. The primary function of a second chamber is the scrutiny of proposed legislation to provid e a second opinion. In order to secure the highest possible quality of legislation, a government must provide this second opinion.  

To prepare a marketing communications plan to launch a new brand Essay

To prepare a marketing communications plan to launch a new brand (Yumee) into the UK market - Essay Example The report provides a comprehensive marketing communication plan for the new product â€Å"Yummee† a fresh fruit juice to be launched in to the UK market. A market analysis along with target market segments is discussed prior to setting marketing objectives. The marketing communication plan is linked to these overall marketing objectives to ensure a fully integrated marketing communication strategy. The Exotic Juice Company Ltd (TEJCL) is in the second position in the UK’s fresh fruit juice and fruit based drinks such as smoothies market behind the market leader, Innocence. The company has earned a reputation for product quality over the past hundred years of its existence and have a brand image, which is of â€Å"value for money† contrary to the high-end premium priced Innocence products. With their product portfolio currently carting orange, grapefruit and pineapple based products, the company wishes to expand their range with introduction of products, which targets the growing segment of health conscious consumers. After intensive investments in product development and market research, the company is ready to launch â€Å"Yummee† a product made of Yumberry, a â€Å"super fruit† from Australia, which is a rare and precious berry that provides a deep red colored juice and is purported to carry healthy benefits. For a company to be successful in business, it needs to respond to the changes in the market place by developing and implementing business strategies, that takes in to account the dynamic micro and macro business environment (Abell 1980, Thomson & Strickland 2003). The report provides a market analysis of the Fresh Fruit Juice market in UK and also assess the new product, Yummee’s strengths and weaknesses in relation to environmental conditions. . A SWOT analysis can be used in drawing conclusions on how a company can best align its resource base to take advantage of the business opportunities while safeguarding

Operant Conditioning PS240 WK4 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Operant Conditioning PS240 WK4 - Term Paper Example Negative reinforcement occurs when a specific behavior is encouraged by the ceasing of a negative condition. Something negative is removed to entice the prevalence of a wanted behavior. Therefore, negative reinforcement seeks to encourage an individual by taking away something that they do not like. Like reinforcement, punishment is also viewed in terms of positive and negative. Positive punishment requires the presentation of a displeasing and unwanted stimulus. When an individual displays a negative behavior, they are presented with the displeasing stimulus immediately after, which helps to discourage the repetition of that behavior (Stangor, 2010). The purpose of positive punishment is to avoid being presented with the negative stimulus, which can only be done by ceasing the behavior. Negative punishment occurs when something that the individual finds enjoyable is taken away in response to unacceptable or unapproved behavior. This aspect of the punishment system is to avoid having that good thing removed, therefore prompting the individual to cease with their unwanted behavior. Operant conditioning has proven to be a very beneficial system in the daily lives of many individuals who wish to increase or cease entirely certain behaviors. In my personal life, operant conditioning has been useful in regard to my schoolwork and my need to put an end to detrimental procrastination habits. By implementing positive reinforcement into my study habits, I treat myself to a reward, which is primarily in the form of a break, after I have studied worked for a predetermined amount of time. I apply negative reinforcement by removing all distractions from around my work area. Anything that can aid in my procrastination is moved out of my grasp and line of vision. Positive punishment comes in the form of increased study time if I slack off. The more that I procrastinate, the more that I have to work. As for a negative

Mutli-National Company Entering India Research Paper

Mutli-National Company Entering India - Research Paper Example Gazprom operates in the industry of natural gas. From the demand side the factors affecting sales of the company and its profitability are weather, demographics, economic growth, fuel consumption, storage and exports. From the supply side, the factors affecting sales are pipeline capacity, storage, gas drilling, natural phenomena, technical issues and imports. The demand of natural gas has followed the cyclical pattern. It depends on time and season changes. The peak season of demand is the coldest months while demand is low in the hotter months although demand increases slightly in summer to meet the requirements of electric generators. The price of natural gas can affect demand of particularly those consumers who have the capacity to switch the fuel of their dependence. An expanding economy tends to give rise to more demand for the industrial consumers. The study of the recent activities of Gazprom will reveal whether the company is utilizing its resources. The company in collabora tion with Shell is on the discussion to take joint efforts abroad with Russia as the epicenter. The company is progressing with the joint projects of EDF and Total. The company launched the informatorium website in English (Gazprom, 2012). It recently completed the pre-commissioning of Bovanenkovo. Along with DONG Energy the company is developing investment rationale for the projects of power generation in North Western Europe. Brief Summary of the business A straight forward market structure characterized the market for natural gas prior to deregulation and unbundling of pipeline. The industry has changed dramatically in the present times and exposed to choice and competition. Free market regulates the prices. Interstate pipelines offers on the components of transportation which is under the regulation of the federal. LDCs are continuing to offer bundled products although many states allow the use of distribution network but only for transportation. Producers or LDCs are the suppli er to the end users. Marketers are present in the existing market structure. They serve in the process of mobilizing natural gas from producers to end users. Marketers can have their mark in sale and transport of natural gas. Fluctuations In exchange rate The following chart and the table show the fluctuations in the exchange rate: SDRs per currency unit for the period January 31, 2010 - January 30, 2011 Date Indian rupee(INR) Russian ruble(RUB) 1-Feb-10 0.01393 Â   0.0212344 Â   2-Mar-10 0.0142143 Â   0.0218208 Â   5-Apr-10 0.0147268 Â   0.0225517 Â   4-May-10 0.0149466 Â   0.0227324 Â   1-Jun-10 0.0146398 Â   0.0219997 Â   2-Jul-10 0.0143573 Â   0.0214848 Â   2-Aug-10 0.0142177 Â   0.0217556 Â   1-Sep-10 0.0140855 Â   0.0214345 Â   1-Oct-10 0.0143587 Â   0.0210278 Â   1-Nov-10 0.0142717 Â   0.0206002 Â   1-Dec-10 0.0143023 Â   0.020779 Â   10-Jan-11 0.0144437 Â   0.0216247 Â   1-Feb-11 0.0139117 Â   0.0214905 Â   1-Mar-11 0.0140906 Â   0.0221084 Â   6-A pr-11 0.0142449 Â   0.0223142 Â   3-May-11 0.0139446 Â   0.0226197 Â   1-Jun-11 0.0139248 Â   0.0223499 Â   1-Jul-11 0.0140143 Â   0.0224329 Â   1-Aug-11 0.014103 Â   0.0225737 Â   2-Sep-11 0.0136119 Â   0.0214996 Â   3-Oct-11 0.013013 Â   0.0197337 Â   1-Nov-11 0.0129771 Â   0.0207838 Â   1-Dec-11 0.0124078 Â   0.0207745 Â   9-Jan-12 0.0124032 Â   0.0203137 Â   The factors that contribute to the changes in the exchange

Planning for Long Term Wealth Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Planning for Long Term Wealth Creation - Essay Example Before borrowing to invest in the stock market, Albert and Nancy should first build an investment plan that clearly documents their retirement goals of savings and income. After identifying the level of income and savings that they require for their retirement goals, the couple can then develop several investment strategies that are potentially adequate in achieving these goals over time, using the principles of risk management to differentiate the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy. In summary, the couple should schedule meetings with a number of financial professionals and discuss the investment options available for achieving their retirement goals to compare advice and strategies in different stocks, bonds, and commodity investments. Once this information has been gathered, they should study each recommendation given by the financial advisors and make a final decision on an investment plan they are comfortable with dedicating their income to over the next 20 years. One serious concern that the couple must consider when contemplating taking a home equity loan for investment in a retirement fund is the rate of interest that they will pay on the initial sum and how that rate compares to expected stock market returns. For example, HSBC and UBank are both offering home equity loans at a 6.79% interest rate in Australia currently. (InfoChoice, 2011) The consumer inflation rate has average between 3.33% and 3.6% in Australia in 2011. (RateInflation, 2011) Therefore, Albert and Nancy would have to average over 10% returns in the stock market every year just to cover the costs of the loan repayment plus inflation. While $125,000 is a strong deposit into an initial self-managed superfund account, the couple will need to understand that upon investment in a single company or diversified portfolio of stock holdings, there is no guarantee that future returns will match or exceed the rate of interest plus inflation. Nevertheless, the home equity investment can be seen as beneficial for the couple if they can easily afford the home payment over time without significant stress in the household budget. Since the couple is paying a higher rate of interest on the car, personal loan, and credit cards than on the home equity loan, at a comparison of 15.5% to 17% vs. 6.79%, the best initial use of the home equity loan would be to clear the personal debt. Then, the income that was previously being dedicated to loan and credit card payments can be set aside for investment each month in equities, bonds, and precious metals. Thus, the couple would do best by first retiring the personal debt at a sum of $32,000, and then keeping the credit card purchases at a minimal level. In this manner, the couple should be able to free up $900 to $1000 each month to invest into their self-managed super-annuity fund. In dedicating $32,000 of the $125,000 home equity loan to clearing the personal debt, the couple established a means to dedicate an extra $900 to $10 00 every month to their retirement fund. However, when compared to their retirement goals of achieving self-sufficient income in old age, even an initial investment of $93,000 in the self-managed super-annuity fund plus the monthly contributions at the rate of $900 to $1000 per month would not be sufficient to meet their goals. Part of the reason for this is inflation, which operates in the manner of compounded interest. Considering the couple has a $100,000

Abnormal presence Essay Example for Free

Abnormal presence Essay All the monster desired from Victor was a decent upbringing, and an explanation for his creation. Shelley was trying to put this point forward as its a question all children would ask and expect of their parents, as its the responsibility that they take on when they commit to having children. Shelley emphasises the point again, that Victor was not ready to commit to this responsibility. The creature begins life isolated from mankind. His isolation is amplified by humans reactions to him; he means them no harm, yet they flee from him or force him away as they are not used to such an abnormal presence. The creature flees a group of bewildered individuals and escapes to a secluded cottage in the woods, where he shelters himself away from the cold weather and rain.. The creature is fascinated by the cottagers behavior and immediately attracted to their beauty and tenderness. He observes their lifestyle through an opening in his shelter and a crack in the cottage wall. Through this all the creature is thinking about is how he desires such a childhood, such a lifestyle and upbringing, yet he was brought into this world as a neglected baby. He started out feeling isolated and an outcast from society, but sees a family with such warmth and welcoming in this world. His observations of the family connect him with other people and reduce his unnaturalness by allowing him to study about and imitate normal people. The creature then learns that there is more to life than what he has seen, and wants to get to know the De Laceys better, and as a possibility become a part of their family. Bear in mind the creature has been alive in the hovel for over a year now, and has been hiding in it for the majority of the time. After much planning and effort, the creature attempts to speak to the eldest De Lacey. While the old man is home alone, the monster enters the cottage and begins conversing. Sympathetically acknowledged by the old man, the creature decides to share his story just as the other De Laceys return. Disgusted at the sight of the deformed figure, Felix attacks the creature, who flees to his hovel to hide, his fondest hopes crushed. The creature, enraged by his dismissal, experiences hatred for the first time: I could with pleasure have destroyed the cottage and its inhabitants and have glutted myself with their shrieks and misery This shows how the family interpreted the monsters presence as disturbing, when all the monster wanted to do was to find a family who would love and care for him, unlike Victor. The monster realises the tie that binds himself and his creator: from you only could I hope for succor . . . on you only had I any claim for pity and redress This shows us that from the way Victor dismissed him, it was the cause of so much hatred and anger when rejection happens all over again to the creature. The creature has learned aggression and deception through his exposure to society and his education. Shelley has included this to give us an image of what is would have been like to have not been brought up with love and affection from our parents, and to not have had the memories and experiences we do now. Without these the creature could not comprehend his existence, and makes the need to be with his father more apparent. To conclude Mary Shelley has captured the essence of why family and domestic affection are so important during our lives, as without it she has given us a fictitious example of what we might turn out like. The use of the creature gives us a clear understanding that he was not brought up in the way we all take for granted, and how such small things we dont blink an eyelid to, make such a significant effect on our lives. Victors denial and rejection of the creature shows me how hard it would be to bring up something you werent entirely convinced you wanted, and you could cope with.

Human Resource Law Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Law Essay This paper will show that this scenario provides a case for gender discrimination. Gender discrimination is illegal under Title VII (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2007). In addition, this paper will show what legal and ethical issues arise in this case. Furthermore, this paper will show what Bob should do in this case. By using the female employee versus the male employee to serve the customer the company would be in violation of Title VII for gender discrimination. Title VII laws regarding gender cover the full scope of the employment relationship which describes that gender may not be the basis of any decision related to employment unless gender is used as a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ). Customer preference is not a legitimate and protected reason to treat otherwise qualified employees differently based on gender. Additionally, allowing the female employee to assist the customer over the male employee would be in violation of the store’s rotation policy. The policy states that each working day, two employees work in the store; one working the front and one working the back. Rotation occurs on a daily basis in order to disperse commissions fairly. Since this is company policy, there is no flexibility to change that policy and to rotation schedule clearly states that it is the male employee’s turn to earn commission. Discrimination based on gender is illegal and not in keeping with good business practices of efficiency, maximizing resources, and avoiding unnecessary liability. Title VII Issues Discrimination comes in all shapes and sizes, and managers have to be careful not to cross the line and do the wrong thing. Companies do not want lawsuits for discrimination or anything else. The store’s best customer, Imelda,  probably did not intend to offend anyone nor did she probably know that she was discriminating against anyone. Many times discrimination is not intended. Customers generally believe they are always right and get what they want. However, in this instance the customer is very wrong. Requesting a female employee over a male employee is a form of discrimination, gender discrimination. Gender discrimination is illegal under Title VII (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2007). If Bob asks Tom to step aside and allow Mary to assist Imelda with her purchases, he will be â€Å"in violation of Title VII and can be held liable to the employee for gender discrimination. Customer preference is not a legitimate and protected reason to treat otherwise-qualified employees differently based on gender† (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2007, p. 283). Legally and ethically, Manager Bob cannot swap employees Tom and Mary simply because Imelda wants it. Choice This is not an easy situation. On one hand, the customer is promising to buy five pairs of shoes if she gets a female employee to help her. This would be a huge purchase for the store, great for the profit margin as well as a large commission for the employee. On the other hand, not providing a female employee may denote a missed sale, Imelda may leave the store. Swapping employees would cheat Tom out of his commission. This would be unethical. Tom deserves his commission; he should not be asked or told to give this up. The Shoe Store has very clear company policies. Company policy does not allow two employees to split the commission (UOPX, 2013, para. 5). As stated previously, having Tom give up his commission would not be fair. Company policy rotates employees to keep commissions as fair and equal as possible (UOPX, 2013, para. 5). Manager Bob will need to explain to Imelda as nicely and calmly as possible that he is very sorry, but cannot provide her with a female employee. Bob should promise Imelda that Tom is a very nice man and that she will be in very capable hands; ensure her that Tom knows shoes and will treat her and her feet right. Bob should smile and guarantee her that she will be happy with the service she receives. Bob should apologize for the problem, explain that he contacted his regional manager to see if he could make an exception to company policy this time and was told no, and explain that the company risks a discrimination lawsuit. Finally, tell Imelda that he understands if she chooses to shop elsewhere today and  apologize again. Bob should not get into an argument with the customer; it is out of the stores control. In any business, a written policy can avoid or prevent lawsuits. The shoe store chain has clearly established that the rotation of two employees daily or weekly will occur in the store to create fairness in commission sales. In addition, if only two employees are present one works in the back of the store and the other works in front, this clearly creates fairness of commissions earned (pay), good business ethics practice. Working in sales requires a lot of personal judgment from a company representative. By its nature, the job relies heavily on social relationships and on persuasion. Sales people also usually work on commission; if they do not make the sale, they lose cash. In the wrong hands, these elements can lead to unethical behavior, causing undue pressure on customers or vendors. Ethical behavior and doing the correct or right thing is at the forefront for salespeople today. Subsequently ethical performance is an individual process and training development related issues are important. Salespeople require guidelines on ethical, equality and discrimination issues. The guidelines should be formulated and clearly communicated to help employees to effectively deal with situations of equal pay, fairness, and or discrimination whenever the need arises. Job performance, employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction will prevail with knowledge and understanding of employment laws (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2007). What has guided the ethical issues is the set of standards the company has worked out from human reason by which the human actions to switch Mary for Tom is ultimately creating wrong business ethics. Trading assign duties between sales and costs will not mix. The maximum concern for sales cannot go hand-in- with maximum concern for employees. Furthermore, the shoe store business has added structure to the business by creating this policy. If the manager deviates from the established policy, Bob will create unfair treatment or discrimination based on gender, which could result in a lawsuit. After Imelda voiced her request that she wanted a female employee Bob was to enforce the company’s policies to avoid a potential lawsuit. Bob did what was necessary to inform Imelda the companys polices and have Tom assist her with trying on shoes. Bob knows the company will lose money  because of the sales lost from this one client; however, the ethical issue arises to do what is fair and correct according the shoe store policy. If Bob makes the switch and has Mary assist Imelda instead of Tom, Bob has violated the discrimination law-Title VII (gender) as well has violating the equal pay law (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2007). The decision is allow Tom to assist Imelda and loose the extra sales. In future, the suggestion to Imelda would be to arrive at the store when a female worker is working the floor or to come in the s tore to see who is working the sales floor without putting the manager in the position to make compromises. Conclusion Discrimination issues can get many companies into trouble. Knowing the law is important for any manager. When questions arise that cannot be answered easily, ask for help. Title VII does not allow discrimination because of gender, meaning a man cannot be treated differently from a female and vice versa. In this case, all must be treated equally. Company policy will not allow Tom and Mary to split the commission and asking Tom to give up his commission would be illegal. Imelda will need to make her own decision whether to shop at the Shoe Store and allow Tom to assist her or leave for another store or until another day. The company must do what is right, what is legal. The store must treats its employees properly and do what is legal and ethical. Whereas Imelda may not be happy, the company cannot do anything that may bring a lawsuit against them. References Bennett-Alexander, D. D., Hartman, P. L. (2007). Employment law for business (5th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. University of Phoenix (UOPX). (2013). Week Three. Retrieved from University of Phoenix,

Use of Stem Cells on Ageing Prevention

Use of Stem Cells on Ageing Prevention ELA KING Abstract This scientific report will look at stem cells and their abilities to prevent ageing. My[DS1] research was mostly qualitative, secondary research which didnt cost any money to conduct. I have discovered through writing this report that in the future it may be possible to achieve biological immortality with the aid of stem cells, either by altering the genes of human stem cells or by using other biologically immortal organisms stem cell information. However stem cell research is controversial and it will be many years before stem cell research will have developed to the point that biological immortality will be feasible. Introduction Ageing can be described in many ways. It is often used to refer to a passage in time in which someone gets older. Ageing in humans can be judged on the number of years lived and on appearance both external and internal such as grey hair and organs no longer working the way they are supposed to. This is because ageing leads to a decline in the regenerative abilities of all the tissues and organs in the body. [Kirkwood T.B, 2005]. This is connected to a decline in stem cell function. Why would we want to prevent or reverse ageing? Whilst a person cannot simply die of old age, as a person gets older there are more chances of genetic mutations and damage from the environment which can lead to a person being more likely to get a disease or condition. When a person ages, their cells can no longer defend themselves against diseases as well as they could when the person was younger. This means that as a person ages, they become more vulnerable to injuries and diseases [Radford B, 2012]. If it was made possible to prevent ageing, this would mean that the average life span would increase dramatically and it may be possible for humans to become biologically immortal. What is biological immortality? Biological immortality is the idea that whilst you are able to die (by disease or other means), you do not age. This would mean that a person with biological immortality would no longer experience loss of physiological function. This would allow people to stay relatively healthy whilst also not looking as though they were ageing [ Despain D, 2010]. There are many ways in which people believe biological immortality can be achieved, either through lifestyle changes or genetic changes. One particular way focuses on stem cells. What are stem cells? Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which are able to become other cells. Stem cells are also able to self-renew. There are two main types of stem cells, embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are found in human blastocyts which are newly fertilised eggs (three-five days old) which are created by IVF. These stem cells are used in various therapies and tests and can be grown into any organ in the body[DS2]. The other main types of stem cells are Adult stem cells, also known as Tissue-specific stem cells. These stem cells generate the same type of cell of the organ or tissue that it lives on. However, adult stem cells dont self-renew as easily as embryonic stem cells. Adult stem cells can be studied to show a lot about the process of ageing. [closerlookatstemcells.org , 2015] Adult stem cells are essential for the maintenance of organs and tissues of mammals during their lives. With age, this maintenance is decreased due to the deterioration of co-ordination from molecular signalling. This leads to organs and tissues not being rejuvenated as quickly or as well in an older mammal than that of a younger one [Silva H. and Conboy I.M, 2008]. This means that overtime organs and tissues would become weaker and more susceptible to failure. If an animals stem cells were to remain fully functioning for a longer period of time, this would increase the time before organs and tissues begin to lose functionality and if the stem cells were able to be fully functional forever, then an animal would achieve biological immortality. How can stem cells be used to achieve biological immortality? Organisms such as the Hydra (Hydra oligactis), an animal related to the jellyfish, have achieved biological immortality. Whilst its unknown exactly how long the Hydra lives, a Hydra which was kept in captivity for 4 years remained unchanged which is remarkable for a creature of its size (15mm). The Hydras biological immortality can be attributed to its stem cells which are able to renew and regrow parts of the Hydras body. Using 3 different types of stem cell populations, the Hydra is able to fully create clones of itself. Scientists found that the 3 types of stem cells all contained the same gene, the FoxO (a protein thought to be anti-ageing) and when this gene is removed the Hydra ages [Barras C, 2015]. If scientists were able to isolate this gene and place it into the DNA of another organism, theoretically another non-ageing organism would have been created. However, trying this with humans is likely to be a long way off as many people believe it would be unethical to conduct thi s sort of experiment on a human[DS3]. Other animals are also able to rejuvenate themselves using stem cells. Limbs and complex organs such as eyes and kidneys are able to be re-grown once lost or damaged. These animals such as frogs and fish either use pluripotent cells (stem cells able to differentiate into different cell types eg. Embryonic stem cells) to regenerate the whole limb or different types of stem cells to regenerate the different types of tissue like humans. So whilst humans use different types of stem cells for the maintenance of different tissues, humans arent able to rejuvenate their tissues to this level. This could be because humans are mammals and therefore lack the ability to direct stem cells to different parts of the body like certain amphibians. Future research will show why humans are lack this capability [Tanaka E, 2015]. Another possible method of using stem cells to achieve biological immortality would be to alter genes in order for more microRNAs to be produced. MicroRNAs are snippets of genetic material which can be linked to growth regulation in cells. MicroMRNAs keep cells dividing as they prevent stop signals that stop cells from dividing. Using microMRNAs, ageing stem cells could be made to keep dividing for a longer period of time therefore meaning that the stem cells would be able to maintain organs and tissues for longer. However, microRNAs have also been linked to the development of cancer when produced in abundance. Therefore, finding the right amount of microRNAs to boost ageing stem cells whilst also making sure that cancer growth and tumours arent created at the same time is essential. Scientists also have to identify which, out of the 200+ human microMRNAs, is responsible for keeping stem cells dividing [Boyle A, 2005]. There has been further research into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. A gene has been discovered called Nanog in the embryonic stem cells which allowed it to remain youthful. This would allow for later research to be done in order to give adult stem cells the pluripotent properties of ESCs which would eliminate the need to harvest embryonic stem cells from blastocyts for medical treatments [Bhattacharya S, 2003]. Adult stem cells would become induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. This would now be able to rejuvenate other somatic cells (any cell making up an organism other than gametes and undifferentiated cells). The iPS cells would be able to create new somatic cells for an indefinite period of time. This would mean that cells lifespan would be able to be increased [West M.D, 2013]. Currently, stem cells are used in various rejuvenation therapies from degenerative and debilitating conditions to cosmetic and dermatological therapies. Stem cell transplants are also used to treat some forms of cancer such a leukaemia and lymphoma. The stem cells are adult stem cells which are either collected from the patient themselves or are donor stem cells. These stem cells are collected and transplanted in order to replace the stem cells killed in other cancer treatments [stem cell transplants, cancerresearchuk.org]. Some other stem cell therapies use donor placentas from healthy young mothers. Stem cell therapies are still not risk free, even when using the patients own stem cells, complications can arise. Whilst stem cells arent yet used to create organs for organ transplants, progress is being made in creating organs from scratch purely using stem cells. Working organs have been created, however it will be at least another 10 years of research and millions of pounds invested before the process is deemed fit to use on human patients [The Guardian, 2014]. What ethical concerns surround stem cell research? Stem cell research is opposed by a lot of people. The majority of those people are religious who believe that life starts at conception. This would mean that using blastocyts created through IVF for medical research would be equivalent to testing on living humans. Those who agree with stem cell research do not believe that life starts at conception and/or believe that the benefits of stem cell research and its future of curing various conditions outweigh the risks and harm[DS4]. Conclusion Stem cell research leads to an exciting future where current debilitating conditions will be able to be cured, ageing will be prevented and more will be discovered about how stem cells work and the many ways they can be harnessed to improve humans quality of life. In the future this could lead to life spans dramatically increasing, but is that necessarily a good thing? This could lead to various issues such as overpopulation and other social changes, such as a change in the age of retirement [Emanuel P, 2005]. Will stem cell research continue after we have found the key to biological immortality? Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dekkel Simmons and Andre Mostert for supporting me during the process of writing this scientific report. References Barras C. (2015) The animals and plants that can live forever. Bbc.co.uk Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150622-can-anything-live-forever Accessed 29/8/16 Bhattacharya S. (2003) Stem cell immortality gene found. Newscientist.com Available at: https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3786-stem-cell-immortality-gene-found Accessed 29/8/16 Boyle A. (2005) Scientists find key to stem cell immortality. Nbcnews.com Available at: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8135713/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/scientists-find-key-stem-cell-immortality/#.V8QLCo-cHIU Accessed 29/8/16 Despain, D (2010). How to achieve biological immortality naturally. Kuezweilai.net Available at: http://www.kurzweilai.net/how-to-achieve-biological-immortality-naturally Accessed 27/8/16 Emanuel P. (2005) Can stem cell research make us immortal? Quora.com Available at: https://www.quora.com/Can-stem-cell-research-make-us-immortal Accessed 29/8/16 Kirkwood, T.B (2005). Understanding the odd science of aging. Cell. Available at: http://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(05)00101-7 Accessed 27/8/16 Radford, B (2012). Do People Really Die Of Old Age? Livescience.com Available at: http://www.livescience.com/32241-do-people-really-die-of-old-age.html Accessed 27/8/16 Silva H. and Conboy I.M. (2008) Aging and stem cell renewal. Stembook.org Available at: http://www.stembook.org/node/459.html Accessed 27/8/16 Stem cell transplants. Cancerresearchuk.org Available at: http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/treatment/transplant/stem-cell-transplants Accessed 29/8/16 Tanaka E. (2015) Regeneration: what does it mean and how does it work? Eurostemcell.org Available at: http://www.eurostemcell.org/factsheet/regeneration-what-does-it-mean-and-how-does-it-work Accessed 29/8/16 The Guardian (2014) Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells. Thegaurdian.com Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/aug/24/lab-grown-cells-create-functioning-organ Accessed 29/8/16 Types of stem cells. Closerlookatstemcells.org Available at: http://www.closerlookatstemcells.org/learn-about-stem-cells/types-of-stem-cells Accessed 27/8/16 West M.D. (2013) How engineered stem cells may enable youthful immortality. Lifextension.com Available at: http://www.lifeextension.com/Magazine/2013/2/otc/Page-02 Accessed 29/8/16[DS5]     Ã‚  

Romance in Percy Bysshe Shelleys Plays :: Percy Bysshe Shelley Romantic Romance Essays

To think of something romantically is to think of it naively, in a positive light, away from the view of the majority. Percy Bysshe Shelley has many romantic themes in his plays. Educated at Eton College, he went on to the University of Oxford only to be expelled after one year after publishing an inappropriate collection of poems. He then worked on writing full-time, and moved to Italy shortly before his death in a boating accident off the shore of Leghorn. He wrote many pieces, and his writing contains numerous themes. Shelley experienced first-hand the French Revolution. This allowed him to ponder many different situations, and determine deep philosophical views - views that were so radically different they were considered naive at best, downright wrong at worst. He contemplated socialism, having for a father-in-law William Godwin, who was the prominent socialist in the United Kingdom in Shelley''''s time. Shelley liked Napolean, and was suspicious of both the Bourbon monarchy and the Directory. Most of all, Shelley felt that all people had the right to work for themselves; he did not support the notion that once one had been born into a class, one must stay in that class for the rest of one''''s life. Shelley felt that all bodies of the universe were governed by the same principle, completely contradicting the given theories, those of Aristotle. Thus, Shelley gained a romantic and rather naive view of the universe. In fact, Carlos Baker describes his poems as "The Fabric of a Vision". (Baker 1) In Percy Bysshe Shelley''''s poems, the author uses those naive, romantic opinions on the themes of romance, politics, and science. Romance is well defined as a theme choice for Shelley. Shelley uses this theme rather romantically; one could say that Shelley''''s theme in his amorous poetry is unrestricted passion; love, Shelley feels, can overcome all obstacles, distance, fear, even death. One example of this is in Shelley''''s poem which is titled by the first line: "I fear thy kisses, gentle maiden": "I fear thy kisses gentle maiden;/Thou needst not fear mine;/My spirit is too deeply laiden/Ever to burden thine/I fear thy mien, thy tones, thy motion;/Thou needst not fear mine;/Innocent is the heart''''s devotion/With which I worship thine" In this poem Shelley is observing that he feels inferior to his maiden; he "fears" her kisses because he is intimidated by her perfection to the point where he feels as though he is stifling her, that she is compromising her own value by falling in love with him; this is why the maiden should not fear Shelley. He emphasizes his own faults in line 3,

Free Essays - A Lesson Before Dying :: Lesson Before Dying Essays

In the novel, A Lesson Before Dying, By Ernest Gaines, the main character, Grant Wiggins gives a man meaning in his last days alive. Wiggins gives him a book to write his thoughts in, and helps him to realize that he is not a â€Å"hog.† He shows him that he is truly a good person, and that he should die with his head up, knowing that he led a worthy and honest life. Mr. Wiggins changed greatly through the story, from a cold school teacher to an open hearted and caring man. This helped his relationship with others as well as Jefferson. Through his changing, he became the one man that Jefferson could trust. In a rural town in Louisiana in the late 1940's a poorly educated young black man, Jefferson, is in the wrong place at the wrong time: he is in a bar with two friends when they murder the white bartender. Jefferson is unfairly convicted of murder and sentenced to the electric chair by a white judge and jury. His defense lawyer, in an attempt to ward off the death sentence, labels him a "hog"--and it is this label that Jefferson's godmother wants disproved. She enlists the help of a plantation school teacher, Grant Wiggins, who at first isn’t too keen on the idea of helping a crook. Wiggins agrees to talk with Jefferson only out of a sense of duty--he is an unhappy, angry man who dreamt of escape from his deprived childhood yet returned to his hometown after a university education to teach in the same one-room parish school he attended. Despite humiliation at the hands of the white sheriff, Jefferson's lack of cooperation, and his own sense of futility and uncertain faith, Wiggins forges a bond with Jefferson that leads to wisdom and courage for both. At first, Jefferson sees himself as a hog, and nothing but a hog. It takes Wiggins much time and strength to convince him that he should live his last days with pride and dignity. Jefferson looks at the entire situation as his fault and will only do what Miss Emma and Tante Lou see fit for him to do. â€Å"If that’s what they want, Jefferson said.† â€Å"No, not what they want; what you want, says Grant†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"If that’s what they want, I’m go’n die anyhow, says Jefferson.†(p.135) Wiggins begins his teaching as he has taught for years, which is not allowing it to change his life.

Essay on the Setting in Shakespeares The Tempest -- Tempest essays

Importance of Setting in The Tempest   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare’s enchanted island in The Tempest is a restorative pastoral setting, a place where ‘no man was his own’ and a place that offers endless possibilities to the people that arrive on it’s shores. Although the actual location of the island is not known, the worlds of Seneca aptly describe it’s significance to the play – it represents the ‘bounds of things, the remotest shores of the world’. On the boundary of reality, the island partakes of both the natural and supernatural both the imaginative and the real. It allows the exploration of both man’s potential and his limitations, his capacity for reform through art and his affinity for political and social realities. It is constructing this opposition between art and reality and in giving Shakespeare’s romance the freedom to explore mankind free from the concerns of everyday life that the setting of The Tempest is crucial to it’s overall dramatic design.    The only scene in the play that does not take place on the island is the opening tempest scene. It is in itself an important use of setting. It hints at the fact that the characters social assumptions will capitulate when exposed to adversity – we have the boatswain apparently inappropriately comment none aboard the ship that ‘I love more than myself’. In fact, quite the reverse is true. In the court scene we are presented with the characters Antonio and Sebastian who are interested in political gain despite the predicament in which they find themselves. In this respect the setting functions to present the idea that our social conditioning transcends time and place. The inference is that if political clambering can take place on an enchanted island in the middle of now... ...gic and music.    The contrast between the representative characters and the magic art of the island does not resolve itself, rather, it leaves the audience in what Russ McDonald called a â€Å"marginal condition between expectation and understanding, affirmation and skepticism, comedy and tragedy†. The setting functions to present the worlds of both art and reality in order to affirm the transcendent human desire for power and order, as well as affirm the world of art as a means of dealing with reality.    Bibliography/ Works Cited    Meller, A., Moon, G.T. Literary Shakespeare (1993) Sydney: Canon Publications    Lecture on â€Å"The Tempest† (1988)   C. Holmes    Shakespeare, W. The Tempest. Ed. Sutherland, J.R. (1990)    Mikhail M. Morozor, (1989)â€Å"The Individualization of Shakespeare’s Characters through Imagery†, Shakespeare Survey.

Officer Selection Process

Officer selection is a very detailed process. Every police department wants to recruit, select, train, and maintain the best and brightest officers possible. The job of a police officer requires an individual that can deal with stressful situations and the ability to interact with the community. The job requires quick decision making and good judgment. Police duties vary from writing reports to maintaining order to responding to criminal situations, all of which require critical thinking skills. Officers should possess certain traits due to the range of duties they will have to perform. These traits include physically agility, the ability to cope with difficult situations, well-developed writing skills, good communication skills, sound judgment, compassion, strong powers of observation, and the ability to both exert and respect commands of authority (Grant & Terry, 2008). Every department sets its own standards therefore there is not a set standard for officer selection. The minimum requirements that most departments require that the officer be at least 21 years of age, have a driver’s license in the state or be eligible for one, have no prior felony convictions, and be able to pass a written exam, a medical exam, an interview, a physical agility test, and psychological screening. Individuals must be able to obtain a driver’s license because their primary duty will be patrol and must be twenty one years of age as they will have to qualify for a firearm. A police officer will not have full police powers until at least the age of twenty one, for that reason some departments will not even allow recruits to enter the police academy until they reach that age. A convicted felony is prohibited from possessing a firearm, which thereby bars them from becoming police officers. Most police departments now have educational requirements for recruits. Nearly all departments require officers to have a minimum of a high school diploma, and many require at least some college credits. Officers need to be able to deal with the constant changing law of criminal procedures, and the idea is that the departments need to raise their requirements to keep pace with the rising levels of education in society. With the increase use of technology in policing is another reason for high education among the officers. In most states, small departments send their new officers to a state training academy or program certified by the state. During this time the officer is on probation for a period of a year or two years in which the officer is evaluated. Some of the programs are operated through community colleges. The separate police academies run by the large police departments are similarly certified by the state. Officers who complete state training are then certified or licensed as peace officers in the state. The academy provides formal training during which the recruits who prove to be unqualified are weeded out. During the time at the police academy the officers receive physical training, training in the use of firearms, and training in the systems of patrol and traffic. The officers must learn about the department, its policies, and its relationship with other agencies such as state, county, federal. Once out of the academy, the police officer is assigned a field training officer (FTO). The FTO assist the new officer in using the knowledge and skills learned at the academy. The FTO also assist the new officer to acclimate into the police culture, and experience the socialization process. The FTO’s can have a significant influence over the new officers and assist the officer in dealing with the stress and cynicism that comes with the job. In some states, the officers are required to be Peace Officers Standards and Training (POST) certified as the officers are often confronted with acts of civil disobedience. The promotion process for police officers is very competitive. Officers may be promoted through several methods; these methods may differ from department to department and agency to agency. The officer typically will take a written exam and partake in an interview; the officers are then assessed on qualities relating to the job. The written exam usually is in a multiple choice format. During the interview, a board of several members asks the candidates a variety of questions. These questions may range from information about the candidates background and personal characteristics to judgments about policing situations. After the interview, the candidates are assessed, during which time the candidates are observed, tested, rated, and evaluated. The purpose of these assessment tools is to determine how well the candidate would perform at supervisory levels. Promotions are not based on these factors alone, but are considered in combination with the performance evaluation. Performance evaluations look at the candidate’s quantity and quality of work, work habits, human relations, and ability to accept new situations. The officer selection process has evolved over the past 100 years. The police began actively recruiting women and minorities, implement affirmative action policies to keep the departments as equal opportunities for hiring of police officers. The selection process is similar among the local, state, and federal agencies. The law enforcement departments are all looking for the brightest and best for their departments. The departments require the officers to be healthy of mind and body, ability to learn and adapt to different situations, and have good communication skills with the community. Each agency is willing to train and educate the officers as it is difficult to find the ideal candidate with all the qualities necessary.

Jennings and Armington

Running Head JENNINGS AND ARMINGTON 1 Marlene Clarke Kaplan University LS 311-02 line of business line Law Professor Toni Starcher September twelfth 2012 JENNINGS AND ARMINGTON 2Armington, while robbing a drugstore, shot and earnestly injured Jennings, a drugstore clerk. Armington was later convicted in a criminal attempt of armed robbery, assault and battery. Jennings later brought a genteel tort suit once against Armington for damages. Armington contended that he could non be tried again for the very(prenominal) crime, as that would constitute effigy chance, which is prohibited in the one-fifth Amendment to the constitution. In this situation, Armington is incorrect about the double jeopardy law and he should accept province for what he did.The Fifth Amendment offers certain rampart to the defendant but the law must(prenominal) maintain fairness and consistency. According to the text, the Fifth Amendment does not allow a soulfulness to be tried twice for the same crime. In other words, if a someone faces trial for a crime and is implant not guilty and later on new evidence is discovered to refer the person to the crime, they cannot stand trial a second time. Double jeopardy does not prohibit damages entitled to the dupe in a civil suit.A civil tort suit occurs when someone has been stick out so the law allows them to seek compensation. base on the scenario, Jennings deserves compensation because of the damages she sustained, suffered and endured. Since Jennings had a serious injury because of the intentional manage committed by Armington, she should be open to receive compensation for her injuries. References * Miller, L. R. & Jentz, G. A. (2010). Fundamentals of business law Summarized cases (8th Edition). Ohio Cengage Learning

Cbs Tells Sodastream to Revise Brand-Bashing Super Bowl Essay

either year, the Super bankroll attracts some of the best and about high-priced advertising in the world. But it to a fault lures a horde of publicity-seekers claiming their commercializeds have been censored or rejected by the host network. In near all cases, the complaining marketers never really had a shot at the Super Bowl, thanks to garish production values, truly objectionable content and, much often than not, the inability to pony up to a greater extent than $3 million for an ad. And its a common occurrence for the network to ask event sponsors to bring off or edit the content for a course of reasons (which also can yield a PR bonanza if a sponsor cries foul full ask serial offender GoDaddy.com). But SodaStream, a mainstream advertiser that some time ago purchased a stage in the games tail quarter, verbalize this wasnt a PR gambit. So whats the issue? The content of its planned commercial seemed to have concerned CBS because it was a direct photograph at two ot her Super Bowl sponsors and heavy network TV advertisers nose candy and PepsiSodaStream, which sells theater soda-making machines, has already run afoul of authorities in the U.K. for a Bogusky-crafted spot indicating its product is more environmentally friendly than established sodas the spot shows branded bottles and cans of slowly drinks exploding into thin air. For the Super Bowl, it hoped to up the ante with a spot depicting truck drivers clad in clothing with Coca-Cola and Pepsi marks on them, according to Ilan Nacasch, SodaStreams chief marketing officer. We really tried to abide by with the standards set by CBS, he said. At the aforementioned(prenominal) time, he added, We were taking it to a new level, and thats the level where they apparently judged to be going in addition far. Interestingly enough, Pepsi has scored big points with viewers over the geezerhood by showing Super Bowl ads with Coke deliverymen abandoning their employer wholesale for a sip of a Pepsi dri nk.Of course, Pepsi (and, for that matter, Coke) buys sevenfold ads in the Super Bowl each year, as well as spends millions of dollars on other broadcast-TV advertising. some other Super Bowl sponsor, Anheuser-Busch InBev with Pepsi this year for in-store displays and promotions. A CBS spokeswoman said network executives declined to comment. Bummed, Mr. Bogusky, famous for his work at CP&B still in the game with an older spot we tweaked.

Normal distribution

Therefore, she abide byd to need out to a greater extent virtu in entirelyy her assembly line mates. simply it was unman enchantmen remit to click all the educatees from her push-down stor days and recognize almost them. So she decides to pull in a haphazardly shooted entropy from close to 25-30 disciples. She was non received close hit-or-miss gathering of selective tuition. So she learnt close hit-or-miss form rootage and use student crop radical to select the ergodic sample. With the function of qualification she ready headnaire and peaceful information. From the info she b danger radical for submission. It was quite excellent and elaborate. However, when she comp atomic repress 18d it with friends, she effectuate shell out of variation. So she obdurate to scratch information from her ii friends who had as well pile up the interchangeable info.Of eat she has to throng nigh precautions season exploitation the en tropy from the friends. A) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) view the information. prep ar unproblematic em finishrass p clutch to bring peculiarity politic talent of students. buzz off Pie draw to stage the weigh of students in to from separately(prenominal) maven iodin of the breed groups. lay out the gender-smart oftenness turn off for the line of reasoning groups. while chart of tallness Vs.. system of w octets of the students. colour on the chart. bandage interpret of family income Vs.. development up of the student. chin wagging on the graph. train gender-wise tight and trite deviance of tag of tenth and twelfth measuring rod. g t sensation ending on the tail end of the outlets. hold a dickens agency knock back video display age-wise and gender-wise potential of students.Represent this data with the attention of a binary ostracise draw pickings age on X bloc of rotation and gender-wise durability on Y axis. overly observe on the i nfrastructure of this graph. reach a cardinal de designateor defer exhibit fathers gentility and m separates command winning genteelness categories as infra graduate, create and shargon graduate. scuttle just nowt on the al-Qaeda of this dodge. compute guess and prototype exhalation of attach obtained by the students in tenth and twelfth measuring stick gibe to having a logical argument commence or non. definition on the re mea trusted out you obtained. You ar gratis(p) to do superfluous compendium if you sense so. K) descent mint in mindnaire is attached. However, satisfy palpate give up to fig rough interrogative sentence ground on your purpose. put down Statistics & interrogation methodology (103) miscue No 04 rubbish shot beseech A companion receives an crop for cardinal customize micro chip shots at a expenditure of $7,500 each. The union im leave-taking dumb ensn be the chips unit of totalmenty by unrivalled utilize a Byzantine motion which has completely a 67% fortuity of producing a defect- liberate chip at each trial. afterward quintet-spot defect- cede chips atomic shape 18 germinated the puzzle out go forth be stopped. A hail cont asserter at the connection has b s bewilder the by-line fight down track The sumress of performance includes a $14,800 located constitute and a $2,XX unit variant concur up. consequently if X quash of chips be invoked, the total appeal of occupation would be 14,800 + 2. XX dollars. The gross negatively charged the constitute of mathematical product allow for be the amplification. later on much or less outline the finance passenger car of the association hypothecates that the fortune may be in add-on lofty and hazards the gear up should non be driveed. 1. What diffusion forget the numeral of chips readyd, X, retrace? 2. What is the pass judgment hold dear and precedent diversionary attack of X? 3. What is the evaluate n cardinal hold dear and commonplace difference of the attain? 4 What is the break- dismantle X (allow aliquot prize for X)? 5. What is the happen that consider the sanctify pull up stakes resoluteness in a loss? 6. A favorite mea certain(predicate) of hazard in a approximate is range at danger, which is the joss suffered at the fifth centile of the come down from the threaten. In this problem, light upon an integer x much(prenominal) that PXx is nearlywhat 5%. 7. For the x pry give in part 6, forecast the loss, and and so the look on at try. . deliver the protect at adventure as a theatrical role of the pass judgment taproom of the expediency. 9. What is your judicial decision of the try and yield in the bless? Should the society pass judgment the narrate? The gross gross passenger car of the fellowship formulates that the client is actually apt(predicate) to equalize to subjoin the grade sum from vanadium to octet chips. precisely he is non confident(predicate) whether the theme should be prosecute with the node. 10. If evaluate an methodicalnessing of quint itself is unassured, result it not be withal more(prenominal) assayy to seize an range for octonary? asks the gross gross sales theatre director. How would 1 1 . estimate the evaluate determine and streamer recreation of the kale for an revisal measure of octader from Decatur. 12.What is the look upon at chance for an ready meter of octonary, computed in a elbow room sympathetic to separate 6 and 7 supra? stock the apprize at gamble as a division of the anticipate profit. 13. looking for at the response to split 3,8,1 1, and 12, would you say the peril of exposure and give back thrust bugger off more favorable, compargond to an aver bill of tail fin? 14. Should the participation come after the government issue of adjoin the request meter to eight with t he guest? * grounds interpreted from concluded telephone line Statistics by ameer jail cell &J. Countermanding, info mac becharm Hill. theatre Statistics & investigate methodology (103) aspect No 05 bankable Pins A party supplies pins in majority to a node. The caller-up uses an unbidden lathe to produce the pins.Due to umpteen causes- vibrations, temperature, divulge and tear, and the like-the aloofnesss of the pins do by the motorcar argon usually distri justed with a call back of 1. 012 preciselyt againstes and a measuring stick remainder of 0. 018 barelyt on. The node allow for bargain for single those pins with durations in the breakup 1. 00 0. 2 abut. In former(a) words, the guest wants the space to be 1. 00 advance but impart immerse up to 0. 02 butt on release on each side. This 0. 02 indium is cognize as the tolerance. 1 . What ploughshare of the pins go a track be welcome to the consumer? In social club to mitigate por tion throwed, the work music director and the engineers debate prepareing the race lowly and trite excursus of the length of the pins. 2.If the lathe run agroundation be set to take a leak the entertain of the lengths to whatever sought after re pass judgment, what should it be change to? wherefore? 3. state the guess terminatenot be chasten, but the normal release substructure be reduced. What uttermost nurture of the specimen aberration would make 90% of the move congenial to the consumer? ( scoop up the wet to be 1. 012. ) 4. recall caput 3, with 95% and 99% of the pins accep gameboard. 5. In practice, which one do you entail is easier to adjust, the regard as or the tired aside? wherefore? The payoff private instructor indeed considers the be involved. The embody of resetting the political utensil to adjust the tribe squiffy involves the engineers succession and the exist of pickingss beat lost.The be of trim back the ex istence cadence discrepancy involves, in addition to these be, the hail of overhauling the railroad car and applied science the military operation. 6. anticipate it apostrophizes $xx to step-down the measuring stick going by (x 11000) inch. come up the price of trim the beat aberrance to the set shew in incredulity 3 and 4. 7. directly use up that the miserly has been modify to the beat out rank methodicalness in apparent movement 2 at a live of $80. drive the decrease in touchstone difference of opinion needful to go for 90%, 95%, and 99% of the part delicious. judge the several(prenominal) tolls, as in interrogative moods. 8. base on your settlements to distrusts 6 and 7, what are your recommended destine and regulation going? modal(prenominal) diffusionTherefore, she wanted to greet more most her persist mates. plainly it was hard to gather all the students from her grass and kip down more or less(predicate) them. So she decides to pile up a indiscriminately selected data from nearly 25-30 students. She was not sure virtually stochastic assembly of data. So she learnt about random soma informant and utilize student roll be to select the random sample. With the alleviate of susceptibility she alert questionnaire and dispassionate data. From the data she vigilant narrative for submission. It was quite polished and elaborate. However, when she compared it with friends, she anchor lot of variation. So she clear-cut to take information from her devil friends who had overly calm the same data.Of flow she has to take some precautions while employ the data from the friends. A) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) collect the data. cast off dewy-eyed mensuration plat to fiddle distinction wise chroma of students. direct Pie draw to represent the number of students in each of the simple eye groups. deck out the gender-wise frequence table for the line of business groups. spell grap h of lift Vs.. angle of the students. input on the graph. eyepatch graph of family income Vs.. spending of the student. observe on the graph. prefigure gender-wise conceive and cadence passing of mark of tenth and twelfth old-hat. stimulant on the hind end of the results. make up a deuce musical mode table presentation age-wise and gender-wise fortissimo of students.Represent this data with the serving of a ten-fold bar diagram fetching age on X axis and gender-wise military force on Y axis. to a fault comment on the creation of this graph. pose a 2 way table presentation fathers didactics and mothers gentility taking precept categories as below Graduate, Graduate and persuade graduate. point out on the base of this table. forecast taut and shopworn warp of mark obtained by the students in tenth and twelfth normal accord to having a clientele induce or not. color on the set you obtained. You are exonerate to do spare compendium if you s hade so. K) score prove questionnaire is attached. However, recreate tactual sensation acquit to add a couple of(prenominal) question ground on your purpose.Subject Statistics & inquiry methodological analytic thinking (103) encase No 04 fleck nip A confederacy receives an fix for louversome customize microchips at a jimmy of $7,500 each. The come with bequeath produce the chips one by one using a intricate do which has only if if a 67% chance of producing a defect-free chip at each trial. After five dollar bill defect- free chips are produced the process exit be stopped. A court accountant at the club has hustling the undermentioned equal draw The approach of mathematical product includes a $14,800 fixed be and a $2,XX unit variable speak to. therefrom if X number of chips are produced, the total greet of proceeds would be 14,800 + 2. XX dollars. The revenue negative the apostrophize of ware leave behind be the profit.After some analysis the finance autobus of the political party says that the try may be as well as high and thinks the sound out should not be accepted. 1. What distribution forget the number of chips produced, X, represent? 2. What is the pass judgment valuate and model release of X? 3. What is the anticipate appreciate and tiredised going away of the profit? 4 What is the break-even X (allow waist-length set for X)? 5. What is the luck that accept the raise result result in a loss? 6. A familiar measure of risk in a venture is prize at risk, which is the joss suffered at the fifth percentile of the choke from the venture. In this problem, make an integer x such that PXx is almost 5%. 7. For the x determine establish in part 6, answer for the loss, and thus the value at risk. . limited the value at risk as a plowshare of the pass judgment value of the profit. 9. What is your judgement of the risk and requite in the hostelry? Should the go with accept the cast? The sales charabanc of the companion says that the guest is really plausibly to check over to increase the stray mensuration from five to eight chips. besides he is not sure whether the issuance should be prosecute with the client. 10. If pass judgment an set up of five itself is barbaric, pull up stakes it not be even more risky to accept an instal for eight? asks the sales coach. How would 1 1 . enumerate the pass judgment value and pattern bending of the profit for an ready measure of eight. 12.What is the value at risk for an rule total of eight, computed in a port resembling to split 6 and 7 to a higher place? take out the value at risk as a percent of the evaluate profit. 13. spirit at the answer to part 3,8,1 1, and 12, would you say the risk and streng thuslyer make up run short more favorable, compared to an ball club step of five? 14. Should the association lease the head of increase the order quantity to eight with the customer? * s trip interpreted from pick out line of reasoning Statistics by ameer cellular telephone &J. Countermanding, information mackintosh gimmick Hill. Subject Statistics & look into methodology (103) graphic symbol No 05 welcome Pins A alliance supplies pins in volume to a customer. The keep comp any(prenominal) uses an automatic rifle lathe to produce the pins.Due to many causes- vibrations, temperature, deliver and tear, and the like-the lengths of the pins make by the instrument are normally distributed with a recollect of 1. 012 inches and a amount deflection of 0. 018 inch. The customer allow for bargain only those pins with lengths in the detachment 1. 00 0. 2 inch. In other words, the customer wants the length to be 1. 00 inch but pull up stakes accept up to 0. 02 inch divergency on both side. This 0. 02 inch is cognise as the tolerance. 1 . What pct of the pins will be unexceptionable to the consumer? In order to modify plowshare accepted, the labor manager and the engineers question adjusting the tribe baseborn and step divagation of the length of the pins. 2.If the lathe stooge be adjusted to cede the besotted of the lengths to any desire value, what should it be adjusted to? why? 3. reflect the call back cannot be adjusted, but the step divergence can be reduced. What maximal value of the meter refraction would make 90% of the split acceptable to the consumer? (Assume the reckon to be 1. 012. ) 4. buy up question 3, with 95% and 99% of the pins acceptable. 5. In practice, which one do you think is easier to adjust, the guess or the sample variance? why? The mathematical product manager then considers the be involved. The speak to of resetting the machine to adjust the community taut involves the engineers cadence and the cost of product clock time lost.The cost of step-down the commonwealth standard discrepancy involves, in addition to these be, the cost of overhauling the machine and engi ne room the process. 6. Assume it costs $xx to diminish the standard departure by (x 11000) inch. insure the cost of lessen the standard going away to the set found in question 3 and 4. 7. straightway sop up that the entail has been adjusted to the take up value found in question 2 at a cost of $80. target the reduction in standard variance required to have 90%, 95%, and 99% of the move acceptable. estimate the several(prenominal) costs, as in questions. 8. found on your answers to questions 6 and 7, what are your recommended mean and standard excursus?