The Effects Of Technology On Children And Teenagers

To this day and age, we see more and more children and teenagers craving technology. We now see ten year olds with their own iPhones. This has caused many children and teenagers to become addicted to technology. For this reason, technology exposure limitations should abide. What ever happened to only calling and texting on a phone? â€Å"A recent meta-analysis of post studies led by researchers at the University of Exter, U.K., suggests that men who store their phones in their pockets risk exposing themselves to radiation levels that may and also lower sperm levels†(Holmes). Technology damages people’s minds, bodies, and lives, and should limit the use of technology for children and teenagers. As a matter of fact, technology today is causing many people to result in sleep issues and or depression and anxiety. Many studies have been concluded on sleep loss due to the cause of people wanting to check their mobile devices or phones for text messages or instant messages. â€Å"Two hundred thirty six college students completed self-report questionnaires and week long sleep diaries. Results revealed that 47 percent of students reported night-time waking to answer text messages and 40 percent to answer phone calls†(Adams and Kisler). This test was based off of college students who need their sleep. Many hours of class and then not very much sleep, due to staying awake on technology, can lower their grades. The cause of this you might ask, is because they do not pay attention in classShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Mobile Phones on Teenagers1244 Words   |  5 Pagesthird of children aged ten to thirteen own a mobile phone. It is therefore a necessity to inform today s youth of the effects of owning a cellular phone. By reason of request from Mr. Howard, Prime Minster of Australia, to hear the concerns of Australia, a conclusive survey was conducted and revealed that children and teenagers are not aware of the major issues regarding mobile phones. Consequently, these issues need to be recognized by youth and society in order to prevent the harmful effects regardingRead MoreThe Developmental Impact Of Technology On Today s Society937 Words   |  4 PagesThe Developmental Impact of Technology on Today’s Society Society has become slaves to technology. Our society depends so greatly on technology that we have lost the ability of face to face communication. Nowadays all you see are people with their face stuck in their phones or latest gadgets and being oblivious to the world. The obsession and need to use technology affects every developmental stage. The affect starts at the young age of infancy and continues into childhood, adolescence, and adulthoodRead MoreThe Problem of Cyber Bullying1323 Words   |  6 Pagesfew years, there has been a tremendous amount of improvements of technology use in teenagers causing a new problem to arise. â€Å"Half of students admit to being bullied online, while an estimated seventy-nine percent of teenagers say it’s a problem,† (â€Å"An Old Problem with a New Face†). Since the rapid growth of technology, cyber bullying has become life-threatening for too many teenagers. Now that teenagers have phones and technology almost twenty-four h ours a day, they are putting themselves at a greaterRead MoreMass Media Communication1719 Words   |  7 Pagestransmitting news, created to be consumed by immense number of population worldwide and also a direct contemporary instrument for mass communication. ASSUMPTION In my own personal estimation, Mass Media goes along with Information and Communication Technology in this day and age so as to mold a new-fangled way of life to the majority living in this global generation. Mass Media are those media that are created to be consumed by immense number of population worldwide and also a direct contemporary instrumentRead MoreThe World Of Technology : Young Adults1536 Words   |  7 Pagesof technology Cynthia Sanchez Professor Greeley ENG 111 27 November 2015 The World of Technology: Young Adults In the 21st century technology has become such a big part of our society; it is so powerful because it affects everyone all over the world. For example, technology not only affects children and young adults in their workspace, such as in school or throughout their careers, but also in their day-to-day personal lives. In this day and age, because of the convenience which technology canRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Teen Substance1033 Words   |  5 PagesMost parents believe that it is just either school or friends as to why teenagers get into drugs and alcohol (Impact of Social Media on Teen Substance). The one thing parents do not think about at to why their teenager is involved in drugs and alcohol is social media, and it could be a big reason (Impact of Social Media on Teen Substance). Parents talk to their children on how to make the right decision related to drugs and alcohol, but forget they need to address how to make right decisions onRead MoreThe Responsibility t hat Comes with Modern Information and Communication Technolgy1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe introduction of technology into human life has made it easier for man to do work faster and more efficient in various companies and industries. In 1973, Martin Cooper, senior development engineer of Motorola, invented the first handheld cell phone. This technological breakthrough made life super easy for businesspersons, government agencies, and parents to communicate and do business. College students, especially those in relationships, could now communicate with each other directly without disturbingRead MoreEffects of The Internet On Teenagers Essays783 Words   |  4 Pagesinventions of the last century, but unfortunately this occurrence has made some negative impact on our society and children. Teenagers are the most common group of society who can get artificial by the internet. As a matter of fact, internet addiction is a common habit for teenagers which will affects their future, also can have an effect on their social behavior and their education. Teenagers are spending more time on internet with watching movies, gaming, chatting, etc. rather than doing their homeRead MoreMobile Phone1189 Words   |  5 PagesStudy of Mobile Phone Usage Among the Teenagers And Youth In Philippines An undergraduate Thesis Presented to The Faculty of College of Management and Business Technology In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Subject Research I By: CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction Mobile phones have become very popular in recent years and their development has been amazing. It is no wonder why they have become irreplaceable. With all applications whichRead MoreCyberbullying And Its Effects On Society Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesrise of technology. Teenagers and children are more connected to the internet than ever before and are in danger of cyber bullying. People can be bullied for a multitude of reasons, the number seeming to grow every year. Some children are cyberbullied because of their physical appearance, sexual orientation, for sexting, for their mental disabilities or for simply existing. This form of bullying is so dangerous because it is very difficult to escape. Cyberbullying has devastating effects on both

Battle of Fort Henry in the Civil War

The Battle of Fort Henry took place February 6, 1862, during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and was one of the first actions of  Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grants campaign in Tennessee. With the start of the Civil War, Kentucky declared neutrality and stated it would align against the first side to violate its territory. This occurred on September 3, 1861, when Confederate Major General Leonidas Polk directed troops under Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow to occupy Columbus, KY on the Mississippi River. Responding to the Confederate incursion, Grant took the initiative and dispatched Union troops to secure Paducah, KY at the mouth of the Tennessee River two days later.   A Wide Front As events were unfolding in Kentucky, General Albert Sidney Johnston received orders on September 10 to assume command of all Confederate forces in the west. This required him to defend a line extending from the Appalachian Mountains west to the frontier. Lacking sufficient troops to hold the entirety of this distance, Johnston was compelled to disperse his men into smaller armies and attempt to defend those areas through which Union troops were likely to advance. This cordon defense saw him order Brigadier General Felix Zollicoffer to hold the area around the Cumberland Gap in the east with 4,000 men while in the west, Major General Sterling Price defended Missouri with 10,000 men. The center of the line was held by Polks large command which, due to Kentuckys neutrality earlier in the year, was based closer to the Mississippi. To the north, an additional 4,000 men led by Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner held Bowling Green, KY. To further protect central Tennessee, construction of two forts had commenced earlier in 1861. These were Forts Henry and Donelson which guarded the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers respectively. The locations for the forts were determined by Brigadier General Daniel S. Donelson and while the placement for the fort bearing his name was sound, his choice for Fort Henry left much to be desired. Construction of Fort Henry An area of low, swampy ground, the location of Fort Henry provided a clear field of fire for two miles down the river but was dominated by hills on the far shore. Though many officers opposed the location, construction on the five-sided fort began with slaves and the 10th Tennessee Infantry providing the labor. By July 1861, guns were being mounted in the forts walls with eleven covering the river and six protecting the landward approaches. Named  for Tennessee Senator Gustavus Adolphus Henry Sr., Johnston had desired to give command of the forts to Brigadier General Alexander P. Stewart but was overruled by Confederate President Jefferson Davis who instead selected Maryland native Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman in December.  Assuming his post, Tilghman saw Fort Henry reinforced with a smaller fortification, Fort Heiman, which was constructed on the opposite bank. In addition, efforts were made to place torpedoes (naval mines) in the shipping channel near the fort. Armies Commanders Union Brigadier General Ulysses S. GrantFlag Officer Andrew Foote15,000 men7 ships Confederate Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman3,000-3,400 Grant and Foote Move As the Confederates worked to complete the forts, Union commanders in the west were under pressure from President Abraham Lincoln to take offensive action. While Brigadier General George H. Thomas defeated Zollicoffer at the Battle of Mills Springs in January 1862, Grant was able to secure permission for a thrust up the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. Advancing with around 15,000 men in two divisions led Brigadier Generals John McClernand and Charles F. Smith, Grant was supported by Flag Officer Andrew Footes Western Flotilla of four ironclads and three timberclads (wooden warships). A Swift Victory Pressing up the river, Grant and Foote elected to strike at Fort Henry first. Arriving in the vicinity on February 4, Union forces began going ashore with McClernands division landing north of Fort Henry while Smiths men landed on the western shore to neutralize Fort Heiman. As Grant moved forward, Tilghmans position had become tenuous due to the forts poor location. When the river was at normal levels, the forts walls stood around twenty feet high, but heavy rains had led water levels to rise dramatically flooding the fort. As a result, only nine of the forts seventeen guns were usable. Realizing that the fort could not be held, Tilghman ordered Colonel Adolphus Heiman to lead the bulk of the garrison to the east to Fort Donelson and abandoned Fort Heiman. By February 5, only a party of gunners and Tilghman remained. Approaching Fort Henry the next day, Footes gunboats advanced with the ironclads in the lead. Opening fire, they exchanged shots with the Confederates for around seventy-five minutes. In the fighting, only USS Essex suffered meaningful damage when a shot hit its boiler as the low trajectory of the Confederate fire played into the strength of the Union gunboats armor. Aftermath With the Union gunboats closing and his fire largely ineffective, Tilghman decided to surrender the fort. Due to the flooded nature of the fort, a boat from the fleet was able to row directly into the fort to take Tilghman to USS Cincinnati. A boost to Union morale, the capture of Fort Henry saw Grant capture 94 men. Confederate losses in the fighting numbered around 15 killed and 20 wounded. Union casualties totaled around 40, with the majority aboard USS Essex. The capture of the fort opened the Tennessee River to Union warships. Quickly taking advantage, Foote dispatched his three timberclads to raid upstream. Gathering his forces, Grant began moving his army the twelve miles to Fort Donelson on February 12. Over the next several days, Grant won the Battle of Fort Donelson and capturing over 12,000 Confederates. The twin defeats at Forts Henry and Donelson knocked a gaping hole in Johnstons defensive line and opened Tennessee to Union invasion. Large-scale fighting would resume in April when Johnston attacked Grant at the Battle of Shiloh.

Essay on Morally Ambiguous Characters in The Scarlet Letter

In Nathanial Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, the deceptive Roger Chillingworth could most certainly be considered a morally ambiguous character. Throughout the novel, Roger Chillingworth everlastingly remains misleading as to whether he lies on the side of good or evil. Even at the end of The Scarlet Letter, the knowledge of Roger Chillingworth is extremely nebulous. The mysterious Roger Chillingworth, although ultimately emanating to be evil, attests to be a challenge when determining his morality. Roger Chillingworth attempts to beguile us by enacting the role of a physician, and ensconces his relationship with Hester Prynne. He lives with Arthur Dimmesdale, vindicating that he is serving Arthur Dimmesdale a helpful medicine, while†¦show more content†¦It is in these chapters that Roger Chillingworth seeks revenge on Arthur Dimmesdale. In other words, in these chapters Roger Chillingworth acts as a leech that feeds on Arthur Dimmesdale, the leech’s pati ent. Roger Chillingworth utilizes his cleverness and mentality by claiming that he is living with Arthur Dimmesdale strictly under medical reasons. However, Roger Chillingworth actually lives with Arthur Dimmesdale because of his dilating surmises of who Pearl’s father might be. Roger Chillingworth is able to use his cleverness and mentality in a way that he contrives an identity that permits him to actualize whatever he may desire. With his cleverness and mentality, Roger Chillingworth effectively achieves moral ambiguity. Roger Chillingworth’s concealed history and background is most likely the most compelling element of his moral ambiguity. Throughout all of The Scarlet Letter, very little is known about the past of Roger Chillingworth, except that he comes from England and is the husband of Hester Prynne. Even at the very culmination of The Scarlet Letter, very little information regarding Roger Chillingworth’s past is discovered. With an arcane past, Roger Chillingworth is bestowed the ultimate ascendancy of moral ambiguity. One’s past may often act as a deficiency that one’s enemy may utilize at their own personal will. However, with a nebulous past, RogerShow MoreRelatedMoral Ambiguity By Nathaniel Hawthorne1291 Words   |  6 PagesMoral Ambiguity Nathaniel Hawthorne, as an admirer of psychology, uses a distinctive theme of moral ambiguity amongst his characters in the novel The Scarlet Letter. The characters, in particular Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth, are rather difficult to classify as either good or bad; they are simply human. Hawthorne’s moral ambiguity amongst these characters makes them more relatable to real human beings and serves as a clear portrayal of the complex human psyche. One can notRead MoreEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 PagesSalesman Oedipus Rex Doctor Faustus Orlando Don Quixote A portrait of the Artist as a Young Man A Gesture Life Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Ghosts The Scarlet Letter Great Expectations Sister Carrie The Great Gatsby The Sound and Fury Gulliver’s Travels Sula Heart of Darkness The Sun Also Rises Invisible Man Their Eyes Were Watching God Joe Turner’s Come and Gone The Things They CarriedRead MorePuritianism and Literary Techniques in The Scarlet Letter Essay2812 Words   |  12 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne has made a beautiful, admirable, extraordinary approach in this novel said Henry James regarding The Scarlet Letter. It has the beauty and harmony of all original and complete conceptions and its weaker spots are not of its essence, but mere light flaws and inequalities of surface. The novel has the inexhaustible charm and mystery of great works of art. It has a high style of polish as well as a charming freshness. Hawthorne has cultivated with great industry his natural senseRead MoreThe Ghost Of A Self : Female Identity1458 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel are quintessentially ambiguous figures: present but absent, morally animate angels, but physically and politically inanimate mortals.† Dickerson discusses exceptional character traits of each woman in the story and provides a very agreeable assertion t hat the men in the story look to the female characters for help when they are sick at heart or down the drain (Dickerson 80+). Therefore, the primary role of women in the book is acting as a sanctuary for the male characters when the men desire toRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown: The Evils of Puritanism Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pageshere are they all , in my worshipping assembly (Hawthorne 394). Neary explains that the â€Å"protagonist leads a shiny, naà ¯ve existence at the surface. But the surface cracks. The characters fall through, cross the threshold from their surface world of ego and travel down into the underworld of the larger—and morally ambiguous—soul† (11). As Goodman Browns sees the whole town worship the devil and his wife there as a new convert, he still has a choice to walk away from evil; however, he chooses to walk

Writing a Position Paper Free Essays

A position paper (also called a point of view paper) is an essay that presents the author’s opinion about an issue. Like a debate, a position paper presents one side of an arguable opinion about an issue. The goal of a position paper is to convince the audience that your opinion is valid and defensible. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing a Position Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ideas that you are considering need to be carefully examined in choosing a topic, developing your argument, and organizing your paper. It is very important to ensure that you are addressing all sides of the issue and presenting it in a manner that is easy for your audience to understand.Your job is to take one side of the argument and persuade your audience that you have well-founded knowledge of the topic being presented. It is important to support your argument with evidence to ensure the validity of your claims, as well as to refute the counterclaims to show that you are well informed about both sides. Organization –   Sample Outline for a position paper I. Introduction A. Introduce the topic B. Provide background on the topic to explain why it is important C. Assert the thesis (your view of the issue) – Thesis statement -. II. Counter Argument A. Summarize the counterclaims B.Provide supporting information for counterclaims C. Refute the counterclaims D. Give evidence for argument III. Your Argument A. Assert point #1 of your claims 1. Give your opinion 2. Provide support B. Assert point #2 of your claims 1. Give your opinion 2. Provide support C. Assert point #3 of your claims 1. Give your opinion 2. Provide support IV. Conclusion A. Restate your argument B. Provide a plan of action but do not introduce new information I. Introduction Your introduction has a dual purpose: to indicate both the topic and your approach to it (your thesis statement), and to arouse your reader’s interest in what you have to say. One effective way of introducing a topic is to place it in context – to supply a kind of backdrop that will put it in perspective. You should discuss the area into which your topic fits, and then gradually lead into your specific field of discussion (re: your thesis statement). II. Counter Argument You can generate counterarguments by asking yourself what someone who disagrees with you might say about each of the points you’ve made or about your position as a whole.Once you have thought up some counterarguments, consider how you will respond to them–will you concede that your opponent has a point but explain why your audience should nonetheless accept your argument? Will you reject the counterargument and explain why it is mistaken? Either way, you will want to leave your reader with a sense that your argument is stronger than opposing arguments. When you are summarizing opposing arguments, be charitable. Present each argument fairly and objectively, rather than trying to make it look foolish. You want to show that you have seriously considered the many sides of the issue, and that you are not simply attacking or mocking your opponents. It is usually better to consider one or two serious counterarguments in some depth, rather than to give a long but superficial list of many different counterarguments and replies. Conclusion Be sure that your reply is consistent with your original argument. If considering a counterargument changes your position, you will need to go back and revise your original argument accordingly. III. Your Argument You may have more than 3 overall points to your argument, but you should not have fewer. IV. Conclusion The simplest and most basic conclusion is one that restates the thesis in different words and then discusses its implications. Stating Your Thesis A thesis is a one-sentence statement about your topic. It’s an assertion about your topic, something you claim to be true. Notice that a topic alone makes no such claim; it merely defines an area to be covered. To make your topic into a thesis statement, you need to make a claim about it, make it into a sentence. Look back over your materials–brainstorms, investigative notes, etc. –and think about what you believe to be true. Think about what your readers want or need to know.Then write a sentence, preferably at this point, a simple one, stating what will be the central idea of your paper. The result should look something like this: Original Subject: an important issue in my major field Topic: media technology education for communication majors Thesis: Theories of media technology deserve a more prominent place in this University’s Communication program Or if your investigations led you to a different belief: Thesis: Communication majors at this University receive a solid background in theories of media technology It’s always good to have a thesis you can believe in.Notice, though, that a sentence stating an obvious and indisputable truth won’t work as a thesis: Thesis: This University has a Communication major. That’s a complete sentence, and it asserts something to be true, but as a thesis it’s a dead end. It’s a statement of fact, pure and simple, and requires little or nothing added. A good thesis asks to have more said about it. It demands some proof. Your job is to show your reader that your thesis is true. Remember, you can’t just pluck a thesis out of thin air.Even if you have remarkable insight concerning a topic, it won’t be worth much unless you can logically and persuasively support it in the body of your essay. A thesis is the evolutionary result of a thinking process, not a miraculous creation. Formulating a thesis is not the first thing you do after reading the essay assignment. Deciding on a thesis does not come first. Before you can come up with an argument on any topic, you have to collect and organize evidence, look for possible relationships between known facts (such as surprising contrasts or similarities), and think about the beneath-the-surface significance of these relationships.After this initial exploration of the question at hand, you can formulate a â€Å"working thesis,† an argument that you think will make sense of the evidence but that may need adjustment along the way. In other words, do not show up at your Teacher’s office hours expecting her to help you figure out your thesis statement and/or help organize your paper unless you have already done some research. Useful Transitions Transitions help you convey information clearly and concisely. Similarity – also, in the same way, just as †¦ o too, likewise, similarly Exception/Contrast – but, however, in spite of, on the one hand †¦ on the other hand, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, in contrast, on the contrary, still, yet Sequence/Order – first, second, third, †¦ next, then, finally Time – after, afterward, at last, before, currently, during, earlier, immediately, later, meanwhile, now, recently, simultaneously, subsequently, then Example – for example, for instance, namely, specifically, to illustrate Emphasis – even, indeed, in fact, of course, trulyPlace/Position – above, adjacent, below, beyond, here, in front, in back, nearby, there Cause and Effect – accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, thus Additional Support or Evidence – additionally, again, also, and, as well, besides, equally important, further, furthermore, in addition, moreover, then Conclusion/Summary – finally, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, in the end, in the final analysis, on the whole, thus, to conclude, to summarize, in sum, in summary Plagiarism and academic honesty Plagiarism is a form of stealing; as with other offences against the law, ignorance is no excuse. The way to avoid plagiarism is to give credit where credit is due. If you are using someone else’s idea, acknowledge it, even if you have changed the wording or just summarized the main points. To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit whenever you use †¢ another person’s idea, opinion, or theory; †¢ any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings–any pieces of information–that are not common knowledge; †¢ quotations of another person’s actual spoken or written words; or †¢ paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written words. How to cite Writing a Position Paper, Papers

Impact on Economic Performance Fluctuation - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. Identifying and critically discussing 2 key roles of bank in terms of contribution to country financial system. 2. Critically evaluating the problems associated with relying on debt finance being provided by bank with those parties who are a financial surplus unit to those who are a financial deficit unit. 3. Critically changing the capital adequacy, liquidity and leverage as stipulated by Basel III and discussing the impact of these changes in banks financial condition. 4. Critically explaining the process of asset securitization and why banks may wish to securitize. 5. Critically discussing the implication of global crisis on banks financial shortly after the crisis and discussing the measure used by the country to calm the crisis. Answers: 1. Identifying and critically discussing 2 key roles of bank in terms of contribution to country financial system: There are certain roles that is played by OCBC Bank in Singapore, Barclays Bank in UK and Citigroup in USA, which directly helps in smoothing the functioning of financial system in the country. The identified organisations mainly contribute to the distribution of monetary system in their country, which efficiently helps in improving financial operations. The credit provision and liquidity provision is effectively conducted by OCBC Bank in Singapore, Barclays Bank in UK and Citigroup in USA, which helps in supporting the financial system of the country. The increment in credit provisions could directly fuel the economic activity of the country, where business could flourish and generate higher cash flow. This credit provision could fuel economic activities, where investment beyond cash on hand is conducted (Ocbc.com 2018). This helps in increasing homes purchase without savings the entire cost in advance and government to smooth their spending for investing in infrastructure projects. Liquidity provisions are also conducted by OCBC, Barclays Bank and Citigroup, which allows both demand deposits and credit provisions. These banks directly conduct financial market services such as buying and selling securities, which help in supporting financial requirements of organisations. The banks are the main provider of liquidity to the organisation and customers in their respective countries. 2. Critically evaluating the problems associated with relying on debt finance being provided by bank with those parties who are a financial surplus unit to those who are a financial deficit unit: There is different level of problems that arises from debt finances, which needs to be accommodated by banks before providing finance to companies. In addition, banks support the companies with financial surplus rather than financial deficit, as they have higher capability to repay the financing amount with interest. The main problem associated with the financing companies with financial deficit is the increasing accumulation of interest payment, which cannot be conducted with the existing revenue stream. The company with increased debt accumulation could lead to insolvency, which might hamper the repayment of banks finances. For example, Lehman Brothers increased debt accumulation before the crisis, where banks did not support the company due to its excessive financial deficit. Thus, it could be understood that banks do not support companies with extra debt financing if they have financial deficit. The problems in repayment and chances of default by the company having financial defi cit is very strong, which could hinder actual financial condition of the bank. 3. Critically changing the capital adequacy, liquidity and leverage as stipulated by Basel III and discussing the impact of these changes in banks financial condition: The Basel III was mainly drafted after the financial crisis of 2008, which mainly liquidated financial sector of the world. The extensive debt accumulation conducted by banks was mainly reduced with the help of Basel III, as it could help in smoothing the function of banks. The new capital requirement directly represents tighter equity definition maintained by banks. In addition, the common equity requirement under Basel III mainly increased from 2% to 4.5% in 2015 with the increment in mandatory reserve from 4% to 6%. Moreover, under leverage ratio the banks need to be maintain a 3% leverage all time, which could help in thickening the cushion of cash reserves. Moreover, the liquidity coverage ratio needs to be no lower than 100% under Basel III, which could help in reducing the chances of default by a bank (Angelini et al. 2015). Net Funding Stability Ratio (NFSR) needs to be maintained by banks, which could help in maintaining capital stability. Furthermore, the liquidity needs to be maintained by banks for 30-day time horizon under acute liquidity stress scenario. These changes could help in strengthening the financial position of banks during any kind of financial crisis. 4. Critically explaining the process of asset securitization and why banks may wish to securitize: Figure 1: Depicting how securitization works (Source: Finance and Development 2018) The above figure mainly helps in depicting how securitization works, which allows banks in generating higher revenue from the operation. In addition, the process is adequately explained in the diagrams, which could allow the bank to pool different securities and repack them into interest bearing securities. The loopholes in the securitization process was the main reason behind the augmentation of financial crisis. Banks and financial institutions were merging securities and loans into the securitization process without adequate process. The banks mainly originate the asset, where assets immune from bankruptcy will be polled together. After which the pooled security will be handed to agency of the selling process in capital market. Therefore, the pooled security after reaching the capital market with the help of agency are bought by capital market investors. The selling process conducted in the capital market will only be conducted when adequate credit rating is assigned to each poole d security. Therefore, banks wish to securitise for attaining flow of cash after providing loans to its borrower. 5. Critically discussing the implication of global crisis on banks financial shortly after the crisis and discussing the measure used by the country to calm the crisis: During the financial crisis the profit of OCBC bank mainly declined from the level of 2,183,240,000 to 1,860,010,000 in 2008 as compared from 2007 (Eresources.nlb.gov.sg 2018). This mainly indicates the incapability of the company to attain higher profitability after the financial crisis. However, Singapore mainly pledged S$2.9 billion in 2008 and S$20.5 billion in 2009 for reducing the impact of financial crisis on banking operations. On the other hand, performance of Barclays Bank in UK increased from 2008 to 2009 from 5,249,000,000 to 10,289,000,000, which indicates high end performance conducted by the company (Home.barclays 2018). Moreover, the UK government mainly used 39 billion as their bailout package to reduce the impact of financial crisis. In addition, merger of HBOS and Lloyds was nationalised, where 200 billion was available for new debt issue under the special liquidity scheme. Lastly, the guarantee of the depositors was raised from 35,000 to 50,000, while Bank of England cut the interest rate in half to reduce the problems portrayed by financial crisis. Furthermore, performance of Citigroup in USA mainly declined during financial crisis, where the group earned net loss from 2008 to 2009. The net loss in 2008 was at 27,684,000,000, while the loss declined in 2009 to 1,606,000,000 (Citigroup.com 2018). The US government conducted the largest government intervene in the financial crisis, where $700 billion bailout programme was conducted to support banking industry. In addition, the bank deposits were raised from $100,000 to $250,000 by the end of 2009.moreover, the FED also cut interest rate to 1.5%, which helped in creating liquidity into the market. Reference Angelini, P., Clerc, L., Crdia, V., Gambacorta, L., Gerali, A., Locarno, A., Motto, R., Roeger, W., Van den Heuvel, S. and Vl?ek, J., 2015. Basel III: Long?term Impact on Economic Performance and Fluctuations.The Manchester School,83(2), pp.217-251. Citigroup.com. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.citigroup.com/citi/investor/quarterly/2010/ar09c_en.pdf?ieNocache=157 [Accessed 12 Jan. 2018]. Eresources.nlb.gov.sg. (2018).Singapore is first East Asian country to slip into recession - Singapore History. [online] Available at: https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/3cacf256-82cc-4776-b7f8-83757723b502 [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018]. Finance and Development | FD. (2018). Finance and Development. [online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2008/09/basics.htm [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018]. Home.barclays. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.home.barclays/content/dam/barclayspublic/docs/InvestorRelations/AnnualReports/AR2009/2009-barclays-bank-plc-annual-report.pdf [Accessed 12 Jan. 2018]. Ocbc.com. (2018).OCBC - Investors - Annual Reports. [online] Available at: https://www.ocbc.com/group/investors/annual-reports.html [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018].

Clean Air Act Essay Example For Students

Clean Air Act Essay 1990, the federal Clean Air Act was passed to improve air quality in the United States. President Bushs proposed amendments to the Clean Air Act initially would have led to the introduction of alternative, non-petroleum fuels. The petroleum and oxygenate industries responded by offering a reformulated gasoline program as a substitute for most of the alternate fuel proposals. As a result, the amendments to the federal Clean Air Act adopted in 1990 required steps to achieve lower vehicle emissions, including programs to oxygenate and reformulate gasoline. Oxygenated gasoline is designed to increase the combustion efficiency of gasoline, thereby reducing carbon monoxide emissions. Since January 1995, the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments require areas that have the most severe ozone pollution to use reformulated gasoline containing fuel oxygenates to improve air quality. Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether is one of the most commonly used fuel oxygenates because it is produced in very large amounts from isobutylene, a waste product in the refining process. MTBE can be easily produced at the refinery, at a low cost, and can be transferred through existing pipelines once it has been blended with gasoline. In contrast to other gasoline additives used in the past, MTBE is a member of a class of chemical compounds, ethers, whose unique properties are enhanced solubility in water and chemical attraction to water molecules. These properties, along with widespread use of MTBE, have resulted in frequent detection of MTBE in samples of shallow groundwater from urban areas throughout the United States. MTBE moves quickly to shallow groundwater because it is not attached to soil particles, and is chemically attracted to water molecules. MTBE the potential to impact regional groundwater sources and may present a cumulative contamination hazard due to its mobility and apparent recalcitrance. The United States Geological Survey, in a paper presented to the American Chemical Society in San F rancisco in April 1997, noted that MTBE can move from shallow to deeper aquifers with time. MTBE enters the environment, and eventually the groundwater, mainly from leaking underground fuel tanks and associated piping, but also from incomplete combustion in internal combustion engines, spilling and evaporation during transportation and refueling, and watercraft exhaust. Atmospheric precipitation may be another potential source of MTBE in groundwater, because MTBE percolates easily through soil due to its small molecular size and solubility in water, allowing it to move rapidly into groundwater. The Environmental Protection Agency has classified MTBE as a possible human carcinogen, but no drinking-water regulation has been established for the compound. The Environmental Protection Agency has issued a drinking water advisory of 20- 40 micrograms per liter, based upon odor and taste thresholds, and to provide a large margin of safety from carcinogenic effects. Since February 1997, the California Department of Health Services has required public water suppliers to monitor their drinking water sources for MTBE. As of December 1997, about 23%of drinking water sources in California had been sampled for MTBE contamination. Of those sites tested, 33 or 1.3%, had detectable levels of MTBE. Of the contaminated sites tested, 36% had MTBE levels above the states proposed drinking water standard. Some water systems only test every three years for volatile organic compounds, such as MTBE, so it will be the end of 2000 before all systems will have been tested. For MTBE, this frequency of impact to public drinking wells may not be a reliable indicator of future trends because it reflects a history of releases, including those involving gasoline formulations containing no or only low volumes of MTBE. It also appears that dissolved benzene plumes were of larger regulatory concern than MTBE in previous studies. Most studies have indicated that MTBE does not biodegrade easily under various environmental conditions. If a research investigation determines that a compound does not degrade, a half-life is not reported and the compound is classified as recalcitrant. MTBE is generally reported as recalcitrant, and there are no widely accepted estimates of the half-life. Investigators have reported that MTBE is recalcitrant in anaerobic laboratory studies including denitrifying conditions, sulfate-reducing conditions, methanogenic-reducing conditions, and anaerobic conditions in landfill-affected aquifer material, soils, and sludges. One 1995 result indicated there was no degradation of MTBE in an aerobic laboratory study after more than 100 days of incubation. Degradation of MTBE has been reported on occasion and this indicates that some microorganisms are able to degrade MTBE. Resent research has demonstrated that bacterial populations and certain pure bacterial strains, when isolated from biotre ated sludges and other sources, have the ability to use MTBE as a sole carbon source. Engineers in the laboratory of Marc Deshusses, an assistant professor of chemical engineering at University of California at Riverside, are studying how microorganisms with an affinity for MTBE degrade the additive under various conditions. They found the biodegradation rate of MTBE in both laboratory flasks and bioreactors was greatly improved by adding trace amounts of peat humic substances, large organic molecules that can be extracted from peat. The substances seem to stimulate the microbes, but scientists do not yet know how. There are no studies of effects on humans of long term exposure to MTBE. Studies used to determine the hazards have been done with laboratory animals, which creates many limitations and uncertainty. Animal tests performed in 1997 were not conducted by exposing animals to MTBE in drinking water, but rather by introducing oil containing MTBE directly into their stomachs sev eral times a week. The Environmental Protection Agency determined, although useful for identifying potential hazards, limitations of the reported studies do not allow confident estimates of the degree of risk MTBE may pose to humans from low-level drinking water contamination. In 1997, the California Legislature addressed several issues surrounding MTBE. Four bills passed the Legislature and were signed by Governor Wilson. These bills included SB 521, which paid University of California to determine the risks and benefits of MTBE to human health and the environment, and required the governor to take appropriate action once these determinations were made about the safety of MTBE. SB 1189 required the Department of Health Services to set primary and secondary standards for drinking water, and require public notification if contamination occurs. AB 592 required several actions related to the contamination and clean up of groundwater by MTBE, and the funds to reimburse owners of contaminated drinking sources. AB 1491 prohibited delivery of gasoline to any underground fuel storage tank not in compliance with state and federal standards after January 1, 1999. As a result, Governor Gray Davis ordered MTBE to be banned in California by December 2002. Many water su ppliers now want to blame the oil industry for the contamination of their drinking water. On June 20, 2000, the city of Santa Monica, Ca filed a lawsuit against 18 oil companies for 200 million dollars for the estimated costs of cleanup of the cities polluted drinking water wells. In November 1997, Mr. Bordvick of the Tosco Corporation testified at a public hearing of the Assembly of Natural Resources Committee that Toscos position was in support of the ban of MTBE because of concern of the potential liability the company would face if MTBE contaminated drinking water. Several months earlier, a U.S. District Court in Wilmington, North Carolina, awarded 9.5 million dollars to the 178 residents of a mobile home park because MTBE had contaminated their drinking well. Although it was known that MTBE was a menace in the 1980s, the petroleum and oxygenate industries knew that MTBE was the only hope of achieving the requirements of the Clean Air Act. Non-petroleum fuels are the future of t his planet, yet these companies are stubbornly resisting to accept the fate of our future. Environment Essays

Pointers for Writing a Controversial Essay Topic For Middle School

Pointers for Writing a Controversial Essay Topic For Middle SchoolWhen you are thinking about writing a controversial essay topic for middle school, you may want to know how to do it. This is not just a topic for college students, but for those who have some idea of who they are writing about or who they want to be.The first thing you want to do when thinking about the topic for middle school is to do a little research on the controversy you are trying to include in your essay. You can use this research as a way to dig deep into what people are thinking about right now and the political climate that people in your subject matter could be facing. Remember that everyone is becoming more political these days so it is important to be sensitive.Think about some of the issues that you see being talked about in class or in student life at your school. Is there an issue that is becoming very prominent and will be around for a while? What is going on at home with your parents and what they th ink about their choices and what they do? Are there different kinds of high school students and are there kids that get along and fight and do not matter one bit in the school environment?Your parents are your first source of information when it comes to talking about your topic and what the best path to take is. If your parents have come to you and say they do not like this or that, you need to really consider this as you look over your research. You should also talk to your friends and see if they think it is okay or not. Be sure to discuss your opinions with your friends to see how they feel about your topic.Many times students get stuck when they first begin to talk about their topic and find out that they do not have the information to make a decision. Your topic for middle school is not the best for everyone, so you may want to talk to your guidance counselor. They can help you determine if your topic is appropriate for middle school. You can always talk to your teacher to fin d out what your topic may be.While you are looking over the topic to be researched, you may want to think about the tone of your topic. Is this something that you will write about yourself and would want other people to know about? Is it something that you would want to read about in the newspaper or online or in a book about the topic?Having the right topic for middle school is one of the first steps to becoming an outstanding middle school teacher. Think about some of the topics you have written about in the past and see if you feel comfortable doing it this time.